US History Practice EOC

How did the "Black Codes" of 1865-1866 differ from the "Jim Crow" laws of the 1880s and 1890s?

• Black Codes created segregated public schools; Jim Crow laws prohibited African Americans from learning to read.

• Black Codes prohibited use of the same public facilities by different races; Jim Crow laws prohibited voting by African Americans.

• Black Codes prohibited freedmen from traveling freely, serving on juries or exercising civil rights; Jim Crow laws required racial segregation.

• Black Codes required "seperate but equal" facilities for different races; Jim Crow laws stated some races were "not entitled to social and political equality".

Which was NOT one of the ways in which 19th century settlers dealt with the challenges of farming on the Great Plains?

• They used barbed wire for fencing.

• They burned cow and buffalo chips for fuel.

• They relied on irrigation from nearby lakes for water.

• They used steel plows to dig furrows into the tough soil.

What was the main effect of the system of debt peonage that emerged in the South during the late 19th century?

• African Americans were unable to afford to work agricultural jobs.

• African Americans left the South in large numbers to escape their debts.

• African Americans labored in a system that was nearly the same as slavery.

• African Americans had to work for low wages to pay off their emancipation costs.

The diagram shows the various goals of the Dawes Act of 1877.

Which phrase best completes the diagram?

• Lure Native Americans to migrate to the frontier.

• Entice Native Americans to move to urban areas.

• Give Native Americans jobs in the federal bureaucracy.

• Push Native Americans to adopt an agricultural lifestyle.

The cartoon was published by Thomas Nast in the 1870s.

What is the view of the cartoonist about the power of Tammany Hall in New York City?

• New York City government was unaffected by Tammany Hall.

• Tammany Hall maintained its power by falsifying vote counts in elections.

• Immigrants were happy to vote for Tammany Hall to repay it for its services.

• Many ordinary citizens felt powerful because Tammany Hall listened to them.

The chart shows the population of Chinese immigrants and their descendants in the U.S. from 1860 to 1920.

Why did the population of Chinese Americans decrease, as shown on the chart, when the populations of many other ethnic groups were increasing?

• Improved economic conditions in China discouraged further emigration to the United States.

• Congressional legislation in the 1880s banned any further immigration of workers from China.

• After completion of the transcontinental railroad, there was a shortage of jobs in western states.

• China entered into a "Gentlemen's Agreement" with the United States not to permit further immigration.

Why did supporters of William Jennings Bryan believe that the gold standard was oppressive?

• They knew that railroad owners and grain elevator operators usually insisted on being paid with gold coin.

• They believed that a policy of bimetallism would lead crop prices to rise, making farm debts less burdensome.

• They feared that speculators like Jay Ghould and James Fisk would manipulate prices by cornering the gold market.

• They felt that reliance on the gold standard in international trade had made it difficult for farmers to export crops overseas.

The excerpt above was written by Upton Sinclair in his novel The Jungle in 1905.

Which federal law was passed in reaction to this description?

• the 17th Amendment

• The Federal Reserve Act

• The Meat Inspection Act

• The Clayton Antitrust Act

The picture depicts President Theodore Roosevelt and his relationship with Trusts(Monopolies). He depended on the Sherman Antitrust Act tremendously when dealing with big trusts.

What was the goal of this legislation(Sherman Antitrust Act)?

• To prevent businesses from unfairly exploiting their laborers.

• To use the power of the government to promote economic growth and full employment.

• To encourage companies to take advantage of their patent rights and natural monopolies.

• To maintain fair competition and to halt unfair practices damaging to consumers and competitors.

The information given describes the development of a U.S. Conservation policy in regards to our natural resources.

Which Progressive President was responsible for instituting a system of preservation for our natural resources?

• Abraham Lincoln

• Woodrow Wilson

• Theodore Roosevelt

• John F. Kennedy