Europeans Gain Footholds in Asia (11.2)

Why did Ming China demand that Europeans pay goods with gold or silver?

• No Ming trade items interested Europeans.

• The Ming lacked access to precious metals.

• No European trade items interested them.

• The Ming needed money to pay for European goods.

Which of the following Portuguese sea captains led Portuguese trading in the Indian Ocean?

• Afonso de Albuquerque

• Bartholomeu Dias

• Vasco da Gama

• Pedro Alvarez Cabral

What Europeans replaced the Portuguese as leaders in Asian trade?

• the British

• the Spanish

• the French

• the Dutch

How did the Portuguese use geographic factors to help them control the spice trade?

• They conquered inland kingdoms, which they turned into a trading empire.

• They used force and diplomacy to set up coastal trading posts.

• They used diplomacy to establish alliances with inland Indian rulers and Arab traders.

• They used European technology and expanded agricultural production to set up a trading empire.

Spain’s seizing control of the Philippines in the 1600s caused the Tokugawa shoguns to

• limit Buddhist practices and celebration of seasonal festivals.

• encourage diplomatic and trade activities with the Dutch.

• persecute Japanese Christians and ban European traders.

• dispatch an ambassador to Rome to learn about Christianity.

What island in the Indian Ocean became a major military and commercial base for the Portuguese in 1510?

• Goa

• Sri Lanka

• Maldives

• Andaman

Unlike most Spanish and Portuguese traders in East Asia, most Dutch East India Company traders

• worked for a trading company with sovereign powers.

• used force and diplomacy to seize coastal towns.

• wanted to spread Christianity to East Asia.

• sailed around the Indian Ocean in search of spices.

Why were the Portuguese unable to conquer much territory on land?

• They were only able to establish temporary ports in the Indian Ocean.

• They overextended their reach and could not resupply their ships.

• The Portuguese had neither the strength or resources to conquer much land.

• The Portuguese had no real interest in occupying Asian lands.

What did the British East India Company do to dominate most of India?

• partnered with the French to exclude Mughal goods from Europe.

• used alliances, armies, and its wealth to weaken the Mughal empire

• used diplomacy to unite Hindus and Muslims

• encouraged Mughal emperors to make destructive political decisions

What strategy did the Portuguese use most successfully in building a trading empire in South and Southeast Asia?

• alliances with other European countries

• an alliance with China to drive out rival Europeans

• invasions deep into Asian lands; then divide and conquer

• military force against some Asian peoples; diplomatic relations with others