Chapter 8 Deviance & Social Control

__________ is the violation of norms.

• negative sanction

• deviance

• social control

• stigma

__________ refers to blemishes that discredit a person's claim to a normal identity.

• Crime

• Norm

• Deviance

• Stigma

__________ violate(s) rules written into law.

• Crime

• Deviance

• Personality disorders

• Social order

A group's __________, or typical social arrangement, is brought about by norms

• social order

• deviance

• crime

• stigma

Because deviance undermines predictability, a system of __________ was developed to enforce the norms.

• street crime

• sociology

• social control

• assumption reinforcement

Ted gave a talk to his high school class that was laced with humor and understanding and showed that he really grasped the important points in the history of the French Revolution, which was what his history class was studying. When he was finished, Ted was praised by his teacher as well as by several classmates. The praise was an example of a__________.

• norm

• positive sanction

• stigmatization

• negative sanction

The motorcycle policeman appeared out of nowhere and

pulled Teresa over for speeding. He was friendly and businesslike as he stood by Teresa's open window and issued her a $250 ticket. This is an example of a __________.

• negative sanction

• neutral sanction

• positive sanction

• street crime

Street crimes refer to acts such as __________.

• embezzlement

• identity theft

• burglaries and assaults

• a corporation hiding large sums of money to avoid paying taxes

Psychologists look at __________ as possible causes of deviance.

• factors outside the individual

• social influences that recruit people to break norms

• personality disorders

• genes

Edward Sutherland used the term __________ to indicate that people who associate with some groups learn more messages favorable to deviance, increasing their chances of becoming deviant.

• control theory

• labeling theory

• shaming

• differential association