9-1 pages 369-395

Which term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating?

• Schema

• Heuristic

• Cognition

• Syntax

• Language

A best example of a category of objects, events or people is called a(n)

• Algorithm

• concept

• prototype

• model

• Heuristic

Logical, methodical step-by-step procedures for solving problems are called

• Heuristic

• semantics

• prototype

• algorithm

• fixation

In trying to solve a potentially complicated problem quickly, we are most likely to rely on

• Prototypes

• Heuristics

• phonemes

• algorithms

• fixations

A sudden realization of the solution to a problem is called

• Framing

• insight

• heuristic

• belief perseverence

• algorithm

The tendency to search for information consistent with our preconceptions is called

• Functional Fixedness

• availability heuristic

• confirmation bias

• representativeness heuristic

• Overconfidence

The inability to take a new perspective on a problem is called a

• Framing

• heuristic

• fixation

• confirmation bias

• prototype

Judging the likelihood that things fall into a certain category on the basis of how well they seem to match a particular prototype refers to the use of the

• Framing

• availability heuristic

• confirmation bias

• representativeness heuristic

• Belief perseverance

By encouraging people to imagine their homes being destroyed by a fire, insurance salespeople are especially successful at selling large homeowners’ policies. They are most clearly exploiting the influence of

• Availability heuristic

• Belief perseverance

• representativeness heuristic

• overconfidence

• functional fixedness

People told that a chemical in the air is projected to kill 10 out of every 10,000 people feel more frightened than if told the fatality risk is one-tenth of 1 percent. This best illustrates the importance of

• Belief Perserverance

• functional fixedness

• confirmation bias

• framing

• overconfidence