EMR CH 5 Intro to Pathophysiology

The study of how disease processes affect the function of the body is called:

• biology

• anatomy

• pathophysiology

• hematology

The most basic unit of the human body is the:

• atom

• cell

• organ

• neuron

The outer, protective layer of the cell that allows for the movement of water and other substances into & out of the cell is called the:

• mitochondria

• ribosomes

• nucleus

• cell membrane

During normal metabolism, the cell converts _____ into energy to power its normal functions.

• oxygen

• glycogen

• glucose

• cytoplasm

During ______ metabolism, there is an adequate supply of oxygen for the creation of energy in the human body.

• chronic

• aerobic

• anaerobic

• anemic

During anaerobic metabolism, there is a lack of ____ which causes much less energy to be created and more toxic byproducts.

• cell nucleus

• glucose

• carbon dioxide

• oxygen

One of the byproducts of normal metabolism, that gets removed by exhaling (breathing out) is:

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• energy

• air

Why is anaerobic metabolism unhealthy for the human body?

• the byproducts are carbon dioxide and water, which are dangerous

• it affects the fluid balance of the cells and cell membranes stop working

• the byproducts include lactic acid which can cause a toxic environment for the cells

• it produces heat and carbon monoxide which is dangerous to the cell

Water is necessary for life. How is it introduced into the body?

• during mitosis and the creation of cells in the womb

• by drinking fluids

• by absorption through the skin

• by breathing it in from the environment

The abnormal decrease (reduction) in the total amount of water/fluid in the body is called:

• dehydration

• sweating

• diarrhea

• vomiting