U3 - T2 LO12-14 Visual Perception -10MC

Identify which of the following statements about size constancy is correct.

• Size constancy refers to the fact that our pupils grow bigger or smaller as an object moves nearer to or farther from us.
• Size constancy refers to how one object compares in size to another.
• Size constancy means that even though an object moves nearer to or farther from us, our perception of its size remains constant.
• Size constancy refers to how our eyes actually take in more visual stimuli than we pay attention to.

Define the Gestalt principle of camouflage.

• an animal classification for those whose appearances match their environment
• where the contour of the figure is broken so that it blends in with the ground, obscuring the figure
• an army uniform
• where the figure is distinct from the ground

Identify which of the following correctly pairs the names of two sets of visual perceptual principles with examples from those sets.

• Gestalt principles – linear perspective; depth cues – convergence
• perceptual set – expectancies; Gestalt principles – closure
• depth cues – retinal disparity; Gestalt principles – orientation constancy
• Gestalt principles – figure–ground organisation; depth cues – texture gradient

As I was driving along the freeway, a huge truck came hurtling up behind me. It seemed to take ages for the long body to get past as it overtook me. Afterwards, it gradually disappeared up the road in front of me. Which of the following principles would I have applied to help me realise that the truck remained the same size, although its image on my retinas changed?

• shape constancy and size constancy
• size constancy and orientation constancy
• brightness constancy and orientation constancy
• brightness constancy and size constancy

Distinguish between the Gestalt principles of similarity and proximity.

• They are two different names for the same concept.
• Similarity is when parts of a stimulus pattern are a similar distance from each other; proximity is when parts of a stimulus pattern are the same colour.
• Similarity is the part of a stimulus pattern that sits in rows, while proximity is the part that sits in columns.
• Similarity is when parts of a stimulus pattern are physically similar so that we perceive them as a whole; proximity is when parts of a stimulus pattern are close together so that we perceive them as a whole.

Identify the binocular depth cues.

• linear perspective and convergence
• retinal disparity and accommodation
• relative size and linear perspective
• convergence and retinal disparity

As she was driving to Perth from Melbourne, Jodi called out, ‘Look, Mum, there are hundreds of rabbits!’ As they gradually got closer, Jodi said, ‘Oh! They’re actually big kangaroos!’ What caused Jodi’s initial error of perception?

• previous experience with rabbits, causing a perceptual set that led to selection of specific parts of the scene being attended to
• previous experience with rabbits, causing a perceptual set that led to a particular interpretation of the scene
• the context in which the animals were seen, causing a perceptual set that led to selection of specific parts of the scene being attended to
• the context in which the animals were seen, causing a perceptual set that led to a particular interpretation of the scene

Select which of the following statements is true of glaucoma.

• It is degeneration of the optic nerve, affecting peripheral vision.
• It is an age-related condition that can be cured if diagnosed early.
• It is an age-related condition that affects the cornea and lens.
• It is age-related degeneration of the optic nerve, affecting central vision.

Identify the definition of age-related macular degeneration.

• the degeneration of the cornea, which affects peripheral vision
• a break-down of proteins in the lens, which affects central vision
• a build-up of grainy deposits in the retina, which affects central vision
• a build-up of proteins in the lens, which affects central vision

Culture has been shown to influence our visual system in which of the following ways?

• Formal education has no impact on our visual system but societal and cultural norms do.
• Formal education, cultural norms and expectations, and our visual systems influence depth cues.
• Prior learning is not essential to recognise pictures.
• People from all cultures interpret depth cues in similar ways.