Rocks and Minerals

How are sedimentary rocks, such as shale and sandstone, formed?

• Particles are changed into liquids.
• Particles are compressed into layers.
• Particles are melted together by magma.
• Particles are heated by the Sun.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which of these substances is a mineral?

• sandstone
• granite
• quartz
• coal

Which processes must occur in order for an igneous rock to change into a metamorphic rock?

• heating and pressure

• compaction and cementation

• melting and cooling

• uplift and erosion

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which process forms the mineral halite?

• the slow crystallization of magma deep in the crust
• the cementing together of sediment particles
• the hardening of lava in seawater
• the evaporation of seawater

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Which process forms both metamorphic and sedimentary rock?

• recrystallization

• heating

• weathering

• compacting

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Which processes change magma into igneous rock?

• weathering and erosion

• heat and pressure

• compaction and cementation

• cooling and crystallization

Minerals are made of one or more

• minerals.
• sediments.
• elements.
• rocks.

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Which sentence BEST describes a process in the rock cycle?

• Sedimentary rocks can melt to become metamorphic rocks.
• Volcanoes can deposit sedimentary rock to form mountains.
• Metamorphic rocks can form by the weathering process.
• Igneous rocks can become metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Coal is formed from

• plant remains decomposed under pressure.
• melted and cooled metamorphic rock.
• natural gas subjected to heat.
• seas that have evaporated.

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Sedimentary rock forms when rock is first

• broken down by weathering.

• melted into liquid magma.

• exposed to great temperature.

• crystallized into natural glass.

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