1.1.2 Earth's Rotation Revolution Tidal Effect

What is most likely to occur when the sun, moon, and Earth are aligned in a relatively straight line?

• a decrease in global wind patterns

• an increase in temperature near the equator

• more earthquakes near the equator and fewer at the poles

• a larger-than-normal height difference between low tide and high tide

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which of these statements best explains the shape of Earth?

• Because of its rotation about its axis, Earth has a greater circumference around the equator than around the Prime Meridian.

• Because of its revolution around the sun, Earth has a greater circumference around the equator than around the Prime Meridian.

• Because of its rotation about its axis, Earth has a greater circumference around the Prime Meridian than around the equator.

• Because of its revolution around the sun, Earth has a greater circumference around the Prime Meridian than around the equator.

The temperate zones of the United States experience changing of seasons from winter to summer.

Which is the reason for this annual change of seasons?

• the rotation of Earth on its axis

• the tilt of Earth's axis of rotation

• the distance of Earth from the Sun

• the size and orbit of the moon around the Earth

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The diagram shows the difference in sunlight reaching Earth at Points 1 and 2.

Based on the diagram, what is another difference between Points 1 and 2?

• Tides will be higher at Point 2 than at Point 1.

• The pull from gravity will be greater at Point 2 than at Point 1.

• Each day is slightly longer than 24 hours at Point 1 and slightly shorter at Point 2.

• The region at Point 1 is experiencing summer while the region at Point 2 is experiencing winter.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Earth travels on an elliptical orbit around the Sun.

When Earth is at the point labeled on the diagram, it moves most quickly in its orbit. Which BEST explains this more rapid motion of Earth?

• The amount of solar heat reaching Earth is greatest at this point. .

• The Sun’s gravitational pull on Earth is strongest at this point.

• Earth is closest to the Sun’s magnetic field at this point.

• Earth is closest to the Sun’s radioactivity at this point.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

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Earth’s spherical shape results in an uneven distribution of sunlight reaching Earth’s surface.

This uneven distribution is MOST directly responsible for differences in which climatic variable at different latitudes on Earth’s surface?

• wind speed

• temperature

• annual rainfall

• average humidity

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Every day, the Moon rises a little more than a half an hour later than it rose the day before. Which statement BEST explains this phenomenon?

• Earth rotates on its axis as it revolves around the Sun.

• The Moon rotates and revolves around Earth at the same rate

• One Earth rotation is faster than one Moon revolution around Earth

• One Moon rotation is slower than one Moon revolution around Earth.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

At the equator, Earth spins at a rate of about 1670 kilometers per hour.

The circumference of Earth at the equator is about 40,000 kilometers.

About how long does it take Earth to make one complete rotation on its axis at the equator?

• 12 hours

• 24 hours

• 29.5 days

• 365 days

A tide is the periodic rise and fall of the surface of the ocean. Several factors combine to cause the tides.

Which has the greatest effect on the height of a tide?

• the revolution of Earth around the Sun

• the gravitational pull of the Moon

• the gravitational pull of the Sun

• the tilt of Earth on its axis

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

India is in the Northern Hemisphere and Australia is in the Southern Hemisphere. In June, it is summer in India and winter in Australia. What is the main reason the seasons are opposite in the two countries?

• because Earth is tilted on its axis

• because the Sun rotates on its axis

• because Earth revolves around the Sun

• because of the distance between the countries

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6