Astronomy Ch. 4 Ancient Astronomers

A philosopher that proved the Earth is a sphere & thought it was at the center of the universe.

• William Herschel
• Isaac Newton
• Aristotle
• Nicolaus Copernicus

His model of the Earth-centered universe was the cornerstone of astronomy for 1,500 years

• Claudius Ptolemy
• Nicolaus Copernicus
• Charles Messier
• Galileo Galilei

Began a new era of astronomy when he concluded that the Sun was the center of the universe

• Aristotle
• Isaac Newton
• Claudius Ptolemy
• Nicolaus Copernicus

Built an observatory and made the most accurate astronomical observations for more than 20 yrs.

• Giovanni Cassini
• Tycho Brahe
• Hipparchus
• Isaac Newton

Built a telescope and made discoveries which changed astronomy; discovered 4 moons of Jupiter

• Galileo Galilei
• Aristotle
• William Herschel
• Claudius Ptolemy

He showed the laws governing astronomical bodies were the same laws governing motion on Earth

• Isaac Newton
• Charles Messier
• Tycho Brahe
• Hipparchus

The ____________ refers to an imaginary sphere of heavenly objects that seems to center on the observer.

• Constellation

• Celestial Sphere

• North Pole

• South Pole

The apparent shifting of nearby objects with respect to distant ones as the position of the observer changes is called:

• Peristalsis

• Ex-Lax

• Periscope

• Parallax

Ptolemy hypothesized that planets travel in circular orbits centered around the Earth. He called these circular orbits __________.

• Ellipses

• Epicenters

• Epicycles

• Epic Cycles

While observing the planet Venus through his telescope, Galileo observed that it changed size and shape over a period of months. What conclusion did this help him come to?

• The Earth is round

• The Sun goes around the Earth

• Venus goes around the Sun

• Venus has four moons