TEKS B.4B Cell Transport & Homeostasis

How do cells use energy to maintain homeostasis?

• Membrane proteins allow chemicals to move from high

  concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached

• Form a vesicle around cellular waste and fuse the vesicle with the cell membrane to release the waste

  into the extracellular environment

• Breakdown sugar to synthesize adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

  from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate

• Maintaining osmotic balance by taking in water or releasing

  water to match the water concentration of the

  extracellular environment

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How does the cell membrane help maintain homeostasis for the cell?

• By providing a circular structure for all cells

• By making proteins to provide the cell with energy

• By regulating the transport in and out of the cell

• By storing food as future energy for the cell

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Which process temporarily disrupts homeostasis because it increases an already high concentration of chemicals in the cell?

• Passive transport through osmosis

• Active transport through exocytosis

• Passive transport through membrane proteins

• Active transport through membrane proteins

A scientist is investigating cell transport. She observes molecules being transported into a cell through proteins present in the cell membrane. These proteins do not use energy to transport the molecules. Which of the following best explains the type of cell transport observed by the scientist?

• Active transport because membrane proteins were used

• Diffusion because the molecules were entering the cell

• Facilitated diffusion because the proteins were not using energy

• Osmosis because the molecules were moving against the

  concentration gradient

Which of the following describes a form of active transport?

• Oxygen transfers into red blood cells through small gaps in the cell membrane from oxygen-rich environment

  surround the cells.

• Large molecules are brought into the cell by wrapping the cell membrane around the molecules to form a vacuole.

• Water moves across the cell membrane from the side with high osmotic pressure towards the side with low osmotic pressure.

• Membrane proteins provide a pathway for larger particles to

  move across the cell membrane and bring the cell

  and environment closer to equilibrium.

Due to environmental changes, the water concentration outside of a cell becomes lower than the water concentration inside of the cell. How would the cell most likely respond to maintain homeostasis?

• The cell would fill with water.

• The cell would release water.

• The cell would increase the production of salt.

• The cell would decrease the production of salt.

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Which of the following describes a form of passive

transport?

• Membrane proteins act as an enzyme to break down ATP and

  use the energy to move particles against the

  concentration gradient.

• Large molecules are brought into the cell by wrapping the cell membrane around the molecules to form a vacuole.

• Membrane proteins use the energy of the cell’s resting potential to move particles against the concentration gradient.

• Membrane proteins provide a pathway for larger particles to

  move across the cell membrane and bring the cell

  and environment closer to equilibrium.

Turgor pressure is the pressure exerted on a plant cell wall by water. When wilted plants are placed in water,

they demonstrate increased turgor pressure and become straighter. What is occurring at the cellular level

when plants display increased turgor pressure?

• Salt moves by diffusion into plant cells.

• Water moves by osmosis into plant cells.

• Salt moves by diffusion out of plant cells.

• Water moves by osmosis out of plant cells.

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Which of the following describes osmosis?

• Oxygen transfers into red blood cells through small gaps in the cell membrane from the oxygen-rich

  environment surrounding the cells.

• Large molecules are brought into the cell by wrapping the cell membrane around the molecules to form a vacuole.

• Water moves across the cell membrane from the side with high osmotic pressure towards the side with low osmotic pressure.

• Membrane proteins provide a pathway for larger particles to

  move across the cell membrane and bring the cell

  and environment closer to equilibrium.

Which cellular process takes place in the ribosomes that are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum?

• The breakdown of waste material
• The conversion of radiant energy to glucose
• The synthesis of new proteins
• The replication of nucleic acids

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