ES Ch. 17

What are the processes by which water changes from one state of matter to another? Choose all that apply.

• Water changes into gas form through sublimation and evaporation.

• Water changes into solid form through freezing and deposition.

• Water changes into solid form through freezing and condensation.

• Water changes into liquid form through melting and condensation.

• Water changes into gas form through sublimation and condensation.

What is latent heat?

• Heat that can melt ice without raising the surrounding temperature

• Heat that can melt ice only by also raising the surrounding temperature

• Heat that begins to melt ice only after a delayed period of time

• Heat that begins to raise the environmental temperature only after a delayed period of time

• Heat that ran raise the temperature of the environment without melting ice within the environment

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of sublimation?

• A lake surface freezing into ice in winter

• Snow melting into water in spring temperatures

• Water vapor condensing into precipitation

• Water vapor becoming frost

• Glacial ice converting to water vapor in direct sunlight

Through which process does frost form?

• Freezing

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Sublimation

• Deposition

What is sublimation?

• Change from ice to water

• Change from water to ice

• Change from ice to water vapor

• Change from water vapor to water

• Change from water to water vapor

In the cold-cloud conditions necessary for the Bergeron Process to work, what makes up the majority of condensation nuclei?

• Pollen

• Ozone

• Smoke

• Ice crystals

• Water vapor

How might snow that formed high in a towering cloud produce rain?

• This precipitation actually begins as freezing rain, which freezes into snowflakes before melting into rain when it reaches the warmth of Earth's surface.

• Once snowflakes descend from the cloud, they become rain, regardless of atmospheric or Earth surface temperatures.

• When ice crystals become large enough to fall as snowflakes, they melt within the cloud and then fall as raindrops.

• When ice crystals become large enough to fall as snowflakes, if Earth's current surface temperature is 4℃ or higher, they melt on the way down and become rain.

• When falling snowflakes accrete too much ice, they break down into liquid water and fall as rain.

Which option correctly summarizes the collision–coalescence process?

• The collision–coalescence process involves multiple collisions of tiny cloud droplets that stick together (coalesce) to form snowflakes large enough to reach the ground before evaporating.

• The collision–coalescence process involves multiple collisions of tiny cloud droplets that stick together (coalesce) to form snowflakes that evaporate before they reach the ground.

• The collision–coalescence process involves multiple collisions of tiny cloud droplets that stick together (coalesce) to form raindrops large enough to reach the ground before evaporating.

• The collision–coalescence process involves multiple collisions of tiny cloud droplets that stick together (coalesce) to form raindrops that evaporate before they reach the ground.

• The collision–coalescence process involves multiple collisions of tiny raindrops that stick together (coalesce) to form raindrops large enough to reach the ground before evaporating.

What is the process by which precipitation forms from cold clouds?

• Supercooling Process

• Bergeron Process

• Coalescence Process

• Collision-Coalescence Process

• Collision Process

Which option correctly contrasts rain, drizzle, and mist?

• Rain occurs as liquid, drizzle occurs in a frozen state, and mist occurs as water vapor.

• Rain is always warmer than drizzle, which is always warmer than mist.

• Rain occurs as liquid, drizzle occurs as water vapor, and mist occurs in a frozen state.

• Drizzle occurs as the largest droplets, rain occurs as smaller droplets than rain, and mist occurs as the smallest droplets.

• Rain occurs as the largest droplets, drizzle occurs as smaller droplets than rain, and mist occurs as the smallest droplets.