R3 8ABC

8B A dichotomous key for identifying fish is shown.

Based on this key, which two fish have eyes located on either side of their head and are not spotted?

• Glassy sweeper and squirrelfish

• Glass eye snapper and spotted eagle ray

• Spotted goatfish and bandtail puffer

• Peacock flounder and glassy sweeper

8C A team of students encounters an unknown organism in a field while conducting a biodiversity study. Some students think the organism is a plant, while others think it is a fungus.

Which question should the students investigate to classify the organism correctly?

• Is there a cell wall around the cells of the organism?

• Does the organism perform photosynthesis?

• Is there nervous tissue present in the organism?

• Does the organism reproduce sexually?

8B Many tree frog populations are threatened due to habitat loss. In an effort to promote conservation, tree frogs may be bred in captivity. A zoo acquired male and female tree frogs from two different populations. In the zoo, the tree frogs were able to successfully mate within their own population, but breeding attempts between the two populations were unsuccessful.

Based on this information, which statement correctly describes the relationship between the two populations of tree frogs?

• They are in the same species but different kingdoms.

• They are in the same class but different phyla

• They are in the same family but different orders

• They are in the same genus but different species.

8B: A student used a microscope to study four members of the phylum Ciliophora. Members of this phylum move when propelled by hundreds of tiny cilia. Although these organisms belong to the same phylum, they are classified as different:

• families

• species

• kingdoms

• orders

8C: Which list correctly identifies characteristics that protists share with animals?

• Motile, reproduce sexually, photosynthetic

• Motile, multicellular, photosynthetic

• Eukaryotic, motile, reproduce sexually

• Motile, prokaryotic, multicellular

8A: The gray squirrel, Eastern fox squirrel, and red squirrel are all different species of squirrels. Why is having a scientific name for each species of organisms important?

• To prevent existing named organisms from having their names changed at they become extinct

• To keep the classification system from being altered as new organisms are discovered

• To allow organisms to be placed in many classification levels at the same time

• To standardize the naming and organization of organisms to avoid confusion

8B: The relationships among different orders of millipedes are shown in the cladogram. Based on this cladogram, which statement best describes relationships among millipede orders?

• Stemmiulida is more closely related to Merocheta than Penicillata is to Merocheta

• Spirostreptida is most closely related to Glomerida than Sphaerotheriida is to Glomerida

• Polyzoniida is more closely related to Glomeridesmida than Sphaerotheriida is to Glomeridesmida

• Merocheta is more closely related to Glomeridesmida than Glomerida is to Glomeridesmida

8B: Simple leaves have a single leaf on a petiole, or stem, while compound leaves have more than one leaflet on a petiole. This unknown leaf can be identified using the dichotomous key. Which tree does the unknown leaf come from?

• Ungnadia speciosa

• Sophora secondiflora

• Salix nigra

• Quercus laceyi

8A: Organisms are classified today using the Linnaean system, and the following table shows the taxonomic classification of two marine organisms living along the Pacific Coast. Taxonomic classification is important to marine biologists because it provides a way to:

• prove that marine evolution occurs

• discover and name every marine organism on Earth

• designate Latin as the universal language of marine biology

• identify marine organisms and find evolutionary relationships between them

8B: The classification of four trees are shown in the table. Which two trees are the most closely related?

• Taiwan beech and Taiwan catkin yew

• Taiwan catkin yew and lodgepole pine

• Lodgepole pine and Japanese maple

• Japanese maple and Taiwan beech