Ecology

Which of the following explains how energy is transferred through this food web?

• Only some of the energy stored in the wild cat will be transferred to the lion.

• All of the energy stored in the jackal will be transferred to the lion.

• All of the energy stored in the snake will be transferred to the mouse.

• The energy stored in the mouse will be divided evenly between the snake, owl, wild cat and rabbit.

Aphids are small insects that live on various types of plants and feed on their sap. When there is a large population of aphids occupying a plant, they may remove too much sap causing the plant to change color or wilt.

Ladybugs eat aphids and are often used in greenhouses to control the aphid population.

Which type of relationship exists between the aphids, ladybugs, and plants?

• The ladybugs and aphids are an example of predation while the aphid and plants are an example of parasitism.

• The relationship between the ladybugs and aphids are an example of competition.

• The ladybugs and plants are an example of mutualism while the aphid and plants are an example of parasitism.

• The aphids and plants are an example of commensalism while the ladybugs and plants are an example of predation.

Green plants are

• producers
• consumers
• herbivores
• omnivores

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What type of relationship is this?

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

• competition

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Gopher tortoises dig their homes called burrows. These burrows are sometimes used by the Florida pine snake and eastern diamondback rattlesnake as a refuge from weather or fire.

Which of the following relationships is most similar to the relationship between the gopher tortoise and the snakes?

• A Pseudoscorpion is a tiny scorpion with no stinger that moves from place to place by hitching a ride on much larger insects

• Tapeworms live in the digestive system and eat partially digested food which eventually deprives the host of food and nourishment.

• The goby fish and blind shrimp live in a burrow in the sand created by the shrimp and when a predator is near the goby fish will touch the shrimp to warn it.

• Moths lay eggs in the seedpods of the yucca plant, the larvae hatch and feed on some but not all of the seeds and the moth acts as a pollinator for the plant.

symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit

• competition

• mutualism

• predation

• commensalism

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

What does a food web represent?

• All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
• The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
• A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
• How carnivores get their food. 

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The role of bacteria is of a decomposer or detritivore.

Which of the following explains the role of bacteria in an ecosystem?

• Return nutrients back into the soil, air and water to provide energy to plants and other organisms.

• Control the population by removing energy from the organisms.

• Obtain energy and transfer energy by feeding on other organisms.

• Light, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water are converted into energy in the form of sugar.

The Florida panther is an endangered species.

What is the most likely cause of the decline of the Florida panther population?

• The loss of natural habitat due to human settlement.

• Competition for territory between panthers.

• The weakening of species due to inbreeding.

• The increase in the population of white-tailed deer.

Which of the following describes a native population where there has been a decrease in the availability of food ?

• A goldfish population that has fewer individuals than the prior year.

• An extinct wolf population remains extinct in a local forest.

• A pigeon population that has the same number of offspring as the past two years.

• A frog population has more adults in a pond than when they were counted last year.