Unit 8

What was Thomas Jefferson's reason for writing the above section of the Declaration of Independence?

• To determine the rights of all men

• To justify separation from Great Britain

• To demonstrate the courage of the colonies

• To argue for the development of a constitution

Which document most directly influenced the writers of the excerpt?

• Declaration of Independence

• Mayflower Compact

• Treatises on Government

• Magna Carta

Which political change resulted from the events shown on the timeline?

• The English monarchy was abolished.

• A direct democracy was created in England.

• England established a constitutional monarchy.

• An absolute monarch was invited to invade England.

Which of the following best describes how the boundaries established by the Congress of Vienna affected events in European history?

• The new boundaries served to lessen the power of the Russian Empire.

• The new boundaries created a buffer zone between Russia and Eastern Europe.

• The new boundaries were a step towards the creation of a unified German territory.

• The new boundaries ensured that France kept control of the land conquered by Napoleon.

The Enlightenment philosophers inspired later political revolution because of their support for —

• mercantilism

• natural rights

• imperialist policies

• divine right of kings

Enlightenment philosophers challenged the divine right of kings when they proposed the idea of —

• the nation-state

• a social contract

• a fair working wage

• female political participation

The American revolutionaries fought to gain independence from a colonial power, while the French revolutionaries revolted in order to —

• spread Enlightenment ideas to all of Europe

• protect the absolutist divine right of the king

• replace the existing political and social order

• create a French empire extending across Europe

How did the defeat of Spain and Portugal during the Napoleonic Wars help to bring about political changes in Latin America?

• It made Napoleon the ruler of Latin America.

• It provided Latin Americans the opportunity to rebel.

• It allowed the British to establish colonies in Latin America.

• It meant that French laws were applied to the Latin American colonies.

How was Simón Bolívar influenced by the American and French Revolutions?

• He wrote a Declaration of Rights for Latin American countries ruled by France.

• He observed the American Revolution's successes and brought democracy to Cuba.

• He adopted Enlightenment ideals and began revolutions against Spanish authority.

• He fought in the French Revolution and returned to Mexico to lead a revolution himself.

How did the ideas of Enlightenment philosophes, such as the separation of powers, influence the political revolutions of the eighteenth century?

• The ideas became the focus of debates between monarchs and parliaments.

• The ideas were used to create a series of slogans and mottos to rally the troops.

• The ideas were used by monarchs to argue against the changes made by revolutionary leaders.

• The ideas became incorporated into constitutional documents produced during the revolutions.