5.2-5.4 Review

Which of the following statements best explains infectious diseases?

• They include diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, cholera and measles.

• Their contribution to the overall death rate has decreased since 1900.

• They are often transmitted through contaminated water and poor sanitation.

• All of the above.

Which of the following is not true of public health measures introduced in the last 100 years?

• The discovery of vaccines helped reduce mortality rates from measles and polio.

• New public health measures contributed to substantial reductions in deaths from infectious diseases such as diarrhoea and respiratory diseases.

• Quarantine laws were introduced to protect Australia from outbreaks of diseases in other countries.

• The focus of health promotion campaigns introduced in the 1970s was to bring about individual behaviour change.

As part of the old public health model, the Commonwealth government became responsible for the provision of antenatal and infant welfare services. This led to which change in health status in Australia?

• A decrease in life expectancy for both males and females

• A decrease in burden of disease associated with injuries and poisonings

• A decrease in infant mortality rates

• A decrease in maternal mortality rates

Which of the following is not true of the biomedical approach to health?

• It is sometimes referred to as the ‘band-aid’ or ‘quick-fix’ approach.

• It involves diagnosing and treating illnesses once symptoms are present.

• It relies on the use of medical technology.

• It takes into account environmental and social factors that affect health.

Which of the following represents an example of the biomedical approach to health?

• An individual undergoes surgery to remove cancer.

• Local governments are responsible for emptying garbage bins in public parks.

• Shade structures are provided at swimming pools to protect people from sunburn.

• Health promotion messages encourage people to eat a healthy diet.

Which of the following is an advantage of the biomedical model of health?

• Not all individuals can afford the medical technologies and resources that are a part of the biomedical model

• It allows individuals to be educated on the risk-factors that cause disease

• It can effectively treat and cure all infectious diseases

• Many chronic conditions can be managed with medication, therapy or surgery, which helps to improve quality of life

The discovery of penicillin, an antibiotic, led to which improvements in health status?

• A reduction in mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases

• A reduction in cardiovascular disease in adults

• A reduction in maternal mortality rates during childbirth

• Both A and C

The introduction of the sphygmomanometer and stethoscope in 1910 enabled doctors to measure blood pressure. In the mid 1950s, the heart-lung bypass machine allowed surgeons more time to undertake complicated procedures. These developments in medical technology assisted in reducing mortality and morbidity from _______________________?

The biomedical model of health focuses on the ____________________ or biological aspects of disease and illness.

6 months ago, Jenny underwent lap-band surgery in order to ‘fix’ her morbid obesity.

Since the surgery, Jenny has been unable to achieve her weight-loss goals, and is still suffering from obesity-related conditions, including hypertension.

Which of the following best identifies a limitation of the biomedical model of health from Jenny’s story?

• Following the surgery, Jenny was unable to follow the strict diet provided by her doctors.

• The surgery was performed by surgeons who were unfamiliar with the procedure.

• Lap-band surgery is not a long term solution to ‘curing’ obesity.

• Jenny’s obesity was largely a result of a genetic condition which makes losing weight impossible.