Latin American Independence

What two European countries held the largest colonial empires in Latin America in 1800? Select two answers.

• France

• Spain

• England

• Netherlands

• Portugal

Which of the following countries was independent by 1830?

• Argentina

• Cuba

• French Guiana

• Santo Domingo

Who were the independence leader(s) fighting in South America? Select two.

• Simon Bolivar

• Giuseppe Garibaldi

• José de San Martín

• George Washington

Why was the chaos happening in Spain important?

• It allowed many people to return to Europe without being noticed.

• It fixed a lot of the racism issues that people in South America were facing.

• It ended a lot of the payments people in the colonies were making.

• It gave the colonies an excuse to rebel and not betray the crown.

Which of the following did NOT influence the Spanish colonies' rebellion?

• American Revolution

• An alliance with the natives

• King Charles IV's reign in Spain

• French control of Spain and the colonies

What 3 institutions exercised control over Latin American populations?

• The Spanish / Portugese Crown (Kings), The Catholic Church, Patriarchy - husbands had complete control of their wives and family

• The Spanish / Portugese Crown (Kings), The Protestant Church, Matriarchy - wives had complete control of their husbands and family

• Spain, Portugal, France - the “Latin” colonizers

• Creoles, peninsulares, mestizos

John Green (the narrator) states that Latin America led the world in Transculturation - cultural blending or the mixing of cultures. What evidence does he provide to support this claim?

• The Catholic Church was one of the most powerful institutions in Latin America. The Catholic Church united and mixed all of the differing cultures in Latin America.

• Portugal and Spain both controlled territory in Latin America and their cultures mixed. Since both languages come from Latin, this led to the term “Latin America.”

• Latin American culture was a mixture of the culture of Peninsulares from Spain, whites born in the Americas(Creoles), Native Americans and enslaved Africans.

• When England brought soccer to the region, it served as a unifying force for all of Latin America and furthered the process of transculturation.

______________ - was a colony of Portugal. The portugese prince, Dom Pedro, declared himself King. This region then became independent from Portugal after a relatively bloodless revolution.

• Argentina

• Brazil

• Mexico

• Cuba

____________ - had a series of peasant revolutions by the priests Miguel Hidalgo and Jose Maria Morelos . Eventually Iturbide, a creole leader, and Guerrero, a mestizo leader, were able to unify creole and mestizo populations and successfully led a revolution against the peninsulares. Iturbide was declared king and ruled for about a year, before another revolution removed him from power and established a republic.

• Argentina

• Mexico

• Brazil

• Cuba

______________ - Military revolutions led by Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martín mestizo and creole forces against Spanish rule.

• South America

• Brazil

• Caribbean

• West Indies