E commerce

Ethical issues concerned with personal information ownership have been usefully summarized

by Mason (1986) into four areas:

• Privacy – what information is held about the individual?

• Accuracy – is it correct?

• Property – who owns it and how can ownership be transferred?

• Accessibility – who is allowed to access this information, and under which conditions?

  Fletcher (2001) provides an alternative perspective, raising these issues of concern for both

Laws have been enacted in different countries to protect individual privacy and with the intention

of reducing spam or unsolicited commercial e-mail (UCE). Originally, the best-known

‘spam’ was tinned meat (a contraction of ‘spiced ham’), but a modern version of this acronym

is ‘Sending Persistent Annoying e-Mail’. Spammers rely on sending out millions of e-mails in the

hope that even if there is only a 0.01% response they may make some money, if not get rich.

• Regulations on privacy and electronic communications

• Worldwide regulations on privacy and electronic communications

• UK and European e-mail marketing law

• Anti-spam legislation

The main cookie types are:

• Persistent cookies – these stay on a user’s computer between multiple sessions

• Temporary or session cookies – single session – useful for tracking within pages of a session such as on an e-commerce site.

• First-party cookies – served by the site you are currently using – typical for e-commerce sites.

• Third-party cookies – served by another site to the one you are viewing –

Protect designs, ideas and inventions and includes content

and services developed for e-commerce sites. Closely related is copyright law which is designed to protect authors, producers, broadcasters and performers through ensuring they see some returns from their works every time they are experienced. The European Directive of Copyright (2001/29/EC) came into force in many countries in 2003. This is a significant update to the law which covers new technologies and approaches such as streaming a broadcast via the Internet.

• Protecting intellectual property (IP)

• Advertising on the Internet

• Data protection

• E-mail risks

this image refers to ?

• HSBC customers plant virtual forest

• Bancolombia customers plant virtual forest

• country

• e commerce platform

Larger organizations typically already compete in the global marketplace, or have the financial resources to achieve this. Most governments are looking to encourage SMEs to use electronic commerce to tap into the international market.

Advice from governments must reassure SMEs wishing to export

• information society

• The implications of e-commerce for international B2B trading

• Semi-localized web sites.

• Highly-localizedweb sites.

E-government

• The application of e-commerce technologies to government and public services

• Control of the operation and use of the Internet.

• A society with widespread access and transfer of digital information within business and the community.

Early adopters

• Companies or departments that invest in new technologies and

  techniques.

• A graphic representation of the maturity, adoption and business application of specific technologies.

• The first phase of a hype cycle is the ‘technology trigger’ or breakthrough, product launch or other event that generates significant press and interest.

• Peak of Inflated Expectations

e- environment

• Gartner hype cycle

• Growth orientation

• Vigilance

• Slack

Government sources on Internet usage and adoption

• www.stat-usa.gov

• www.google.com

• www.usantotomas.edu.co

• www.htm.uk