Global History Regents Review

A social studies teacher cautions students to be careful when using primary sources in their study of history. The teacher makes this statement because all primary sources

• (1) are fragile and easily damaged

• 2) require analysis and interpretation

• (3) present accurate and balanced views

• (4) serve as a means of propaganda and distortion

Maximilien Robespierre is best known in French history for

• (1) rallying French support for the American Revolution

• (2) trying to eliminate enemies of the French Revolution with violence

• (3) attempting to preserve the monarchy of Louis XVI

• (4) enforcing the principles of the Napoleonic Code

Crop rotation, a natural form of pest control, was used less as Irish agriculture switched mainly to growing potatoes. Individual farms were located close together, making it easy for the fungus to spread. After the famine, the amount of farmland cultivated decreased by approximately 50%. Before the famine, 8 million people lived in Ireland. In the 1960s, 3 million lived there.

— From Evan D. G. Fraser, Conservation Ecology

6 Based on this information, what was a contributing cause of the Irish famine?

• (1) a 50% reduction in the amount of farmland

• (2) a shortage of farmers due to population loss

• (3) farming methods that promoted the spread of the potato fungus

• (4) increased use of pesticides

A major goal of both the Sepoy Rebellion and the Boxer Rebellion was to

• (1) establish a democratic republic

• (2) remove foreign interference

• (3) gain religious freedom

• (4) lower the tax burden for the peasants

In the rest of the world European political assumptions are so taken for granted that nobody thinks about them anymore; but at least one of these assumptions, the modern belief in secular civil government, is an alien creed in a region [the Middle East] most of whose inhabitants, for more than a thousand years, have avowed faith in a Holy Law that governs all of life, including government and politics. . . .

— David Fromkin, A Peace to End All Peace 9 What is a valid conclusion based on this reading?

• (1) Most European states base their political systems on remaining faithful.

• (2) Political systems in the Middle East often reflect the traditional values of their society.

• (3) Belief in secular government is universal.

• (4) The Middle East has been a leader in the development of democratic states.

The terms of the Treaty of Versailles and the global economic depression of the 1930s both contributed to the

• (1) Scramble for Africa

• (2) Amritsar Massacre

• (3) rise of a fascist dictatorship in Germany

• (4) formation of the Congress of Vienna

-Replaced Islamic law with secular law

-Encouraged industrial expansion

-Increased the rights of women Inspired nationalism

11 Which leader best completes this?

• (1) Kemal Atatürk

• (2) Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)

• (3) Theodor Herzl

• (4) Emperor Meiji

A goal of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria (1931) and of the second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) was to

• (1) spread the practice of Shinto

• (2) open trading networks

• (3) acquire industrial resources

• (4) prevent German imperialism

Adolf Hitler justified his takeover of eastern territory by stating that Germany needed to

• (1) gain more living space for its people

• (2) reestablish its Asian colonies

• (3) give its navy access to Caspian seaports

• (4) enforce established peace agreements

First they came for the Communists, but I was not a Communist so I did not speak out. Then they came for the Socialists and the Trade Unionists, but I was neither, so I did not speak out. Then they came for the Jews, but I was not a Jew so I did not speak out. And when they came for me, there was no one left to speak out for me. — Martin Niemöller

Which event is Martin Niemöller referring to in this passage?

• (1) Ukrainian famine

• (2) World War I

• (3) breakup of Yugoslavia

• (4) Holocaust