The behavioural approach to explaining phobias

The behavioural approach to explaining phobias is often referred to as the ______ __________ model

The two-process model proposes that a phobia:

• Is developed through classical conditioning and maintained by operant conditioning

• Is developed through operant conditioning and maintained by classical conditioning

According to behaviourists, phobias are developed through classical conditioning. This means they are learned through a______________

A person will develop a phobia by learning to associate a __________ stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus that produces the unconditioned response of fear.

As a child, Kai got trapped in a lift and now has a phobia of lifts. Which of the following statements are true?

• Being trapped in the lift was the unconditioned stimulus

• The lift was initially the neutral stimulus

• The lift was the unconditioned stimulus

• The lift became the conditioned stimulus

• Being trapped in the lift was initially the neutral stimulus

According to behaviourists, a conditioned phobic stimulus produces a conditioned response of f__________

Phobias are maintained through which type of reinforcement?

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

According to behaviourists, what acts as a negative reinforcement for phobias?

• Avoiding the phobic stimulus/situation

• Engaging in compulsive behaviours

• Engaging in panic behaviours such as screaming

What case study provides supporting evidence for the behavioural approach to explaining phobias?

• The case study of Little Hans

• The case study of Little Albert

• The case study of Clive Wearing

• The case study of patient KF

Watson and Rayner found that Little Albert could be made to develop a phobia of a white rat by striking a metal bar every time he reached for the rat. Which statements are correct?

• The white rat is the unconditioned stimulus

• The loud noise is the unconditioned stimulus

• The white rat became the conditioned stimulus

• The white rat became the conditioned response

• The white rat was the neutral stimulus