DNA - Genetic material

In the early 1900s, most scientists thought it was _____________ that carried traits form parent to offspring. 

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• DNA

The first scientist to perform multiple tests on the transforming principle, to determine if it was DNA or protein

• Griffith
• Chargraff
• Avery
• Hershey

This scientist(s) developed a process to extract the "transforming principle" and directly observe R bacteria transforming into S bacteria

• Avery
• Griffith
• Franklin & Wilkins
• Watson & Crick

When a mouse was injected with heat-killed S bacteria, the mouse __________

• Lived
• Died

This scientist(s) conducted experiments that involved injecting mice with S bacteria and R bacteria.

• Avery
• Griffith
• Watson & Crick
• Hershey & Chase

The "transforming principle" that Griffith discovered was later determined to be _________

• Proteins
• Carbs
• DNA
• Mitochondria

Avery added an enzyme known to break down DNA to his extract, and saw that the bacteria were __________________

• still transformed 
• not transformed
• all sick
• all killed

What two molecules make up the 'backbone' of DNA?

• Adenine and thymine
• Phosphate and sugar
• Cytosine and guanine
• phosphate and guanine

Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____

• a short molecule
• the shape of a double helix
• a protein molecule
• the genetic material

How did Hershey and Chase's use of radiolabeled bacteriophages to study the genetic material validate Avery's research?

• It demonstrated conclusively that the genetic material is not protein.
• It showed that bacteriophages are not digested by bacterial enzymes.
• It proved that bacteria will take up phosphorus, but not sulfur.
• It confirmed that bacteriophages cannot inject radiolabeled DNA.