Laws of Inheritance

Which are different forms of the same gene?

• genotypes

• phenotypes

• alleles

• traits

Which describes the law of segregation?

• a gamete contains the father's allele

• the gametes produced each have 1 allele after meiosis II

• a gamete produced has 2 of the same alleles after meiosis II

• the gamete fertilized has the dominant trait

A plant that has round and yellow seeds (RrYy) is crossed with a plant that has round and yellow seeds (RrYy). What is the ratio of the offspring that will have round and yellow seeds?

Key: R = round

r = wrinkled

Y = yellow

y = green

• 1:16

• 3:16

• 8:16

• 9:16

The diagram represents a dihybrid cross between two pea plants heterozygous for both seed color and seed shape. What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

• 1:1:1:1:2:2:2:2:4

• 1:3:3:9

• 1:4

• 4:12

Pea plants can have yellow seeds or green seeds. Which conclusion about the meaning of Y is correct if the allele combination Yy is for yellow seeds?

• yellow and dominant

• green and recessie

• yellow and recessive

• green and dominant

Unattached earlobes is a dominant trait, E. A parent who is homozygous for unattached earlobes is crossed with a parent who is homozygous for attached earlobes. Which describes the genotypes of their offspring?

• 100% Ee

• 100% unattached earlobes

• 100% ee

• 100% attached earlobes

Which Punnett square represents a cross between two parents that are heterozygous for purple flowers?

• 
• 
• 
• 

What does the notation Rr mean to geneticists?

• heterozygous alleles

• homozygous alleles

• dominant alleles

• recessive alleles

Each kernel of corn on a single ear can inherit a different set of alleles from those inherited by other kernels. This characteristic makes corn a useful example of which law or principle?

• principle of dominance

• law of independent assortment

• law of segregation

• law of genetics

Which type of scientific statement is defined as a statement of fact that is generally accepted to be true and universal because it has always been observed to be true?

• theory

• probability

• law

• hypothesis