Which Constitutional Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures and requires probable cause to issue a warrant?

• The 1st Amendment

• The 2nd Amendment

• The 4th Amendment

• The 19th Amendment

What is an extension of the "exclusionary rule"

• Fruit of the Dead Tree

• Fruit of the Poisonous Tree

• Fruit of the Forbidden Tree

Which Supreme Court case established an officer's right to "stop and frisk" a suspect?

• Wilson v. Arkansas (1995)

• Carrol v. United States (1925)

• Terry v. Ohio (1968)

What principle did Katz v. United States (1968) affirm?

• Places are to be protected by the 4th Amendment, not people.

• People are to be protected by the 4th Amendment, not places.

• The 4th Amendment does not protect people or places.

In what circumstances are search warrants unnecessary?

• When a person consents (agrees) to the search

• If the search was conducted pursuant to an arrest

• In a exigent (emergency) circumstance

• If the search was conducted while the officer was in "hot pursuit" of the suspect

Miranda Rights are connected to what Constitutional Amendment?

• The 1st Amendment

• The 4th Amendment

• The 5th Amendment

• The 8th Amendment

Which Supreme Court case allowed officers to conduct "pretextual stops" ?

• Whren v. United States (1996)

• Maryland v. Wilson (1997)

Standard for a stop and frisk.

• Probable cause

• Reasonable cause

• Reasonable suspicion

• Reasonable search

Police officers must knock and announce their presence before entering a dwelling.

• Terry v. Ohio

• Miranda v. Arizona

• Wilson v. Arkansas

• Hudson v. Michigan

Two-pronged test for establishing a "reasonable expectation of privacy."

• Terry v. Ohio

• Katz v. United States

• Wilson v. Arkansas

• Hudson v. Michigan