Ecosystem Assessment #2: Lessons 5-8

Living things obtain ______ from their environment and release ______ back into it.

• waste, energy

• waste, matter

• matter, waste

• energy, sunlight

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What do all food chains have in common?

• They are all made up of the same organisms in different orders.

• They all produce and use the same amount of energy.

• They all have more consumers than producers.

• They all begin with a producer.

Why is the base of an energy pyramid larger than the top?

• Organisms at the top produce energy for organisms at the bottom.

• Energy is converted into matter to form larger organisms at the top.

• Organisms at the top use less energy than organisms at the bottom.

• Energy is lost as heat at each level so less energy is available at the top.

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Since humans can eat foods from many different ecosystems, they are

• part of many food webs.

• not counted as consumers.

• part of a simple food chain.

• considered to be producers.

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How are food chains related to food webs?

• Food webs consist of overlapping food chains.

• Food chains occur on land whereas food webs occur in water.

• Food chains are made up of individual food webs.

• Food chains produce energy for food webs.

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In a healthy ecosystem,

• there is one large group of a single type of organism.

• many different kinds of organisms can meet their needs.

• organisms never have to compete to use the same resources.

• there are no consumers so producers can grow without being eaten.

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If just one species in a food chain disappears,

• all of the other organisms will have more food.

• other organisms will start making their own food.

• any organisms that depend on that species for food will not be able to meet their needs.

• no other organisms will be affected.

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On Isle Royale, many wolves died because they had less food. With fewer predators, the number of moose

• decreased slowly.

• decreased rapidly.

• increased quickly.

• remained the same.

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Herons will sometimes stand motionless in their habitat for an hour, waiting to catch their prey. They’ve even been known to swallow turtles whole.

What would happen to the herons if the number of turtles decreased in this habitat?

• The turtles’ food supply would decrease.

• The herons would become prey to other predators.

• Herons would eat the turtles’ food instead and remain healthy.

• The herons’ food supply would decrease and hurt their survival.

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There are many species found in this coral reef ecosystem, such as algae living inside and outside the coral. You can see a variety of fish that eat the coral and the sharks that eat the fish.

Which of the following claims about this ecosystem is supported by the evidence?

• It is unhealthy because fish have to compete to use the same resources.

• It is healthy because there are more prey than predators found here.

• It is healthy because there are many producers and consumers that can meet their needs.

• It is unhealthy because there are no predators, but there are many kinds of producers and prey.

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