CH 24-25

All of the following economic developments were significant factors in enabling America to industrialize rapidly EXCEPT:

• private foreign investment

• a plentiful supply of skilled, unskilled, and cheap labor

• technological innovations

• increased overseas trade

• the sale of confiscated Confederate land and property

Which of the following two industries were most significantly expanded as a result of the completion of the transcontinental railroad?

• Textiles and Shoemaking

• Mining and agriculture

• banking and real estate

• shipping and fishing

• electricity and telecommunications

Which effort represented the first attempt to regulate the monopolizing pricing practices of the railroad corporations during this period?

• Congressional establishment of the Interstate Commerce Comission

• An executive order issued by President Cleveland that limited the monopolizing and excessive pricing practices of the railroad corporations

• Congressional legislation aimed at curbing the monopolizing and pricing practices of the railroads

• laws passed by state legislatures aimed at curbing monopolizing and pricing practices of the railroads

All of the following economic strategies were employed by the titans of industry, during this period, to maximize their corporations' profits EXCEPT:

• vertical integration of all facets of an industry, from raw materials to final product within a single company

• horizontal integration within a single market by securing alliances with potential competitors

• improving efficiency in production by making supplies more reliable

• using technological advances in mechanization and industrial processes to mass produce products cost effecitvely

• seeking stable labor relations with their workers by permitting collective bargaining with unions

Which of the following best describes the intellectual viewpoint of Andrew Carnegie as expressed in the "Gospel of Wealth?"

• all of the teachings of Jesus should guide a businessman's approach to acquiring and managing wealth

• the wealthy should exhibit moral and social responsibility in their use of their God-given money

• poor immigrants and ethnic minorities should be provided with substantial government assistance so they can acquire wealth.

• labor precedes capital in permitting a person to acquire, increase, and maintain wealth.

• a "survival of the fittest" approach to capitalism, emphasizing wealth creation as a result of natural selection

Which of the following was NOT a strategy utilized by late 19th century employers to gain leverage over workers seeking to improve their wages and working conditions?

• Closed Shop

• Lock Outs

• Yellow Dog Contracts

• Seeking federal court injunctions against union activity

• creation of company towns

Which of the following was NOT a difference between the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor?

• the KOL included all workers, the AFL only advocated for skilled workers

• the KOL welcomed all genders and ethnicites, the AFL excluded women and African Americans

• The KOL was successful in achieving new laws to protect workers while the AFL never had any lasting success.

• The KOL was a huge union, and the AFL was a federation of many small unions

• The KOL refused to condone strikes, the AFL believed that strikes could help the workers' cause

What was the most important factor that drew rural people off the farms and into the big cities during the period 1865-1900?

• the availability of industrial jobs

• the agricultural system suffering from poor production levels

• the compact and dense nature of the urban communities

• the advent of new housing structures such as dumbbell tenements

• the lure of cultural excitement

All of the following characterized the New Immigrants who came to the United States from 1880 to 1900 EXCEPT that:

• they were cultural different from previous immigrants to America

• they attempted to preserve their Old Country culture in America

• they were subjected to discrimination and violence by Nativist Americans because many practiced different religions or were politically radical

• they made substantial efforts to convert Americans to Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, or Judaism

• some emigrated in response to violent religious persecutions organized by governments in their native countries

What function did bi-city political bosses and political machines perform to manage the economic demands of the new urban environment?

• they used grant money from the federal government to meet the social and economic needs of urban immigrants

• they provided jobs and social services to many immigrants and exchange for political support

• they encouraged state governments to provide public funds to build social services and public housing programs in their cities

• they encouraged state governments to pass political reform legislation to clean up the voting process

• they allied with Protestant churches, Republicans, and big business to provide jobs, services and education