English 11 sem 2 wk 4 Independent Studies

from Fast food Nation: What “enormous challenge” did McDonald’s face in 1990 when it switched from cooking its french fries in beef tallow to cooking them in pure vegetable oil?

• finding a vegetable oil that had aromas similar to those of beef tallow

• reducing the amount of saturated fat in the new fries

• developing flavor additives to make the new fries taste just like the old ones

from Fast Food Nation . Why is the fast food industry so dependent on the flavor industry?

• The fast food industry uses only artificial ingredients.

• Most consumers think fast food does not taste very good.

• Processing food ruins its flavor, and fast food is processed food

In Fast Food Nation . What connection does the author explain between a food’s aroma, or smell, and its flavor?

• The flavor of food is mostly aromas that are released during chewing

• As a person chews, the brain interprets the food’s flavor as smell.

• Foods generally taste a lot like they smell.

In Fast Food Nation Why do food companies try to include natural flavors in their products

• Flavors made from plants are cheaper to produce.

• The word natural makes consumers think the products are healthier

• Natural flavors have fewer impurities those produced by artificial methods.

In Fast Food Nation In lines 66–70, the author describes his first impression of the IFF plant, saying that it reminds him of “Willy Wonka’s chocolate factory.” He means that

• like Willy Wonka’s candy, the products at the IFF plant seem magical but unnatural.

• the workers at the IFF plant are as happy and productive as those in Willy Wonka’s chocolate factory

• the products produced at the IFF plant are as delicious and aromatic as chocolate

In The Jungle, What is ironic about the law banning the slaughter and canning of horse meat?

• Most canned meat does not match the label on the can.

• Packingtown complies with the law, for the time being.

• The horses are supposed to be used for fertilizer.

In The Jungle, Why was Jurgis impressed when he first inspected the packing plants?

• The working conditions seemed relatively good.

• The animal carcasses produced many different products.

• The workers seemed proud of the industries they were involved in.

In The Jungle The narrator explains in lines 61–73 that, unlike the cheating that occurs with the products themselves,

• the suffering of the Packingtown workers is easily seen.

• consumers get genuine nutritional value from canned meats.

• workers are paid a fair wage for the jobs they do.

Jurgis’s friend tells him that “anybody who could invent a new imitation had been sure of a fortune from old Durham.” Readers can infer that this is because

• imitation meats are cheaper than the real thing and allow the company to make bigger profits.

• the company takes pride in making authentic-tasting products from surprising ingredients.

• there is a surplus of beef that the company wants to be able to sell as different kinds of meat

In The Jungle In lines 107–112, the narrator says that as the “hoisters” ran back and forth, “at every few feet they would have to stoop under a beam, say four feet above the one they ran on, which got them into the habit of stooping, so that in a few years they would be walking like chimpanzees.” The author most likely chose this imagery to

• suggest that the hoisters behaved like animals.

• imply that the hoisters were treated like animals.

• explain the importance of standing up straight