Chapter 07-Model of Matter—The Particulate Nature of Matter

Which of the following statement(s) explain(s) the Brownian motion of dust particles suspended in air?

I. There are tiny air particles around dust particles.

II. Dust particles have the properties of solids.

III. Collisions between air and dust particles make the dust particles move.

IV. Air particles move in random and constant motion.

• II only

• I, II, and III only

• I, III, and IV only

• All of the above

Theresa observed that ice floats on water. Which of the following statements about the masses of ice particles and water particles is true?

• Ice particles are lighter than water particles.

• Ice particles have the same mass as water particles.

• Ice particles are heavier than water particles.

• The masses of ice particles and water particles change with temperature.

The shape of a water particle is affected by _________________.

• the shape of the container

• the size of the particle

• the state or phase the particle is in

• None of the above

A sample of solid carbon dioxide (or dry ice) is placed inside a sealed vacuum container as shown below. After several hours, Tom noticed that all the dry ice had disappeared. If Tom uses a very powerful microscope to ‘see’ the space inside the container, what is Tom likely to observe?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Sherry was told by her Science teacher that the particles in gases are far apart from one another. She wondered about the space between these particles. What exists in the spaces between the gas particles?

• Smaller gas particles

• Air particles

• Vacuum

• Ether

In an attempt to witness Brownian motion, Boris placed some small and light styrofoam balls in water. He waited for several hours but did not observe the balls to be moving at all. This is because ______________________________.

• Brownian motion is a phenomenon that only occurs for air particles, pollen grains and dust particles

• the water particles surrounding styrofoam balls are not moving constantly and randomly

• the styrofoam balls are too massive to be moved

• particles move in constant random motion and no particles have collided with the styrofoam balls yet

An empty container was sealed and placed into a fast-moving car. According to the particulate nature of matter, the air particles in this container must be _____________.

• moving in a random manner

• moving forward at the speed of the car

• in random locations in the container and not moving at all

• located at the back of the container and not moving at all

Which of the following reasons best explains the movement of particles in liquids?

• Liquid particles vibrate about their fixed positions as they are held together by strong forces of attraction.

• Liquid particles do not vibrate at all as they are held together by strong forces of attraction.

• Liquid particles have limited movement as they are held together by strong forces of attraction.

• Liquid particles move about freely as they are held together by weak forces of attraction.

Which of the following statements is correct?

• Heat causes particles to expand.

• Heat causes particles to vibrate and move faster.

• Heat causes the spaces between particles to expand.

• Heat causes the forces of attraction between particles to weaken.

Using a very sensitive instrument, Tom measured the mass of a sealed container of air. The instrument read 50.4 g. Tom then heated up the sealed container of air on a Bunsen burner for ten minutes. What would happen to the mass of the heated container?

• There will be no change in mass.

• The mass will increase.

• The mass will decrease.

• The mass cannot be determined from the information given.