Cell communication

Which of the following is characterized by a cell releasing a signal molecule into the environment, followed by a number of cells in the immediate vicinity responding?

• hormonal signaling

  
  

• autocrine signaling

• paracrine signaling

• synaptic signaling

Identify the correct sequence of cell signaling.

• Cellular response, Reception, Transduction

• Transduction, Reception, Cellular response

• Reception, Transduction, Cellular response

• Reception, Cellular response, Transduction

Which type of membrane receptor (B) is represented in the diagram?

• Tyrosine Kinase Receptor

• Ligand-Gated Ion Channel

• G Protein-Coupled Receptor

• Phosphorylation Cascade

What is Part 2 of the diagram showing?

• The channel receptor with a closed gate waiting for the ligand to bind to the receptor

• The dissociation of the receptor from the receptor protein, allowing the gate to close and prohibiting ions from entering

• The ligand binding to the receptor, allowing the gate to open for ions to flow through the channel

• A hormone passing through the plasma membrane via a G protein-coupled receptor

The signaling molecule binding to the receptor, allowing the gate to open for ions to flow through the channel

• Hormone

• Signaling molecule

• Receptor protein

• Active protein

Which of the following is an example of long-distance cell signaling?

• Hormonal signaling in humans

• Cell-cell recognition in animal cells

• Synaptic signaling in the nervous system

• Plasmodesmata in plant cells

Which letter represents the plasma membrane of the cell?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which letter represents a signaling molecule coming from outside the cell?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which letter represents the conversion of the signal to a form that brings about a cellular response?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which of the following statements is true of ligands?

• The binding of a ligand to a receptor molecule causes the receptor to change shape

• All ligands are proteins

• Each ligand is only able to bind to one specific receptor

• Ligands can bind to cell surface receptors, but they cannot enter the cell