1-The Nature of Science Review

A variable whose value changes as a result of changes to other variables is a(n)

• independent variable.
• dependent variable.
• constant.
• control.

A standard used to compare the results of the experiment/remains constant from experiment to experiment is a(n)

• constant.
• control.
• dependent variable.
• independent variable.

An explanation of things, events, or natural phenomena using observations and knowledge gained from multiple investigations or large amounts of data

• Theory
• Scientific law
• Hypothesis
• Experiment

Well-organized procedures for testing the effect of one thing on another under controlled conditions

• Standard
• Experiment
• Scientific Method
• Variable

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When scientists obtain new information, what happens to an existing scientific theory?

• It is revised.

• It is reevaluated.

• It becomes a law.

• It remains the same.

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Scientists use many different methods of investigation. When possible, scientists want to actually experiment or observe an event. Which method is useful when developing a scientific reasoning for an event that cannot be studied directly?

• Conduct a field survey of bird populations in the area.

• Observe the effect of various fertilizers on corn crop yields

• Use a computer model to study how the ocean liner Titanic sunk.

• Use a wind tunnel to measure air drag on various types of automobiles

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Connor leaves his bicycle in the garage, but his brother Jordan leaves his bicycle outside. Connor notices that Jordan's bicycle chain is rusty, but his own chain is not.

Based on his observation, which is a hypothesis that Connor can test?

• If a bicycle is left outside, then its chain requires more grease than that of a bicycle left inside.

• If metal is exposed to air and moisture, then it will rust faster than metal kept in a closed, dry place because there is a chemical reaction.

• If rust forms on metal that is left outside, then bicycle chains should be made from a different material because there is a chemical reaction.

• If the chain on a bicycle left in a garage does not rust, then a garage is the best place to store bicycles.

In a controlled experiment, how many independent variables can be tested at a time?

• one

• none

• two or more

• how ever many makes sense.

Why is it important to have only one independent variable and to control the other variables when performing science experiments?

• So you can tell which factor is causing the change in the experiment.

• It does not matter, you can have as many independent variables as you want.

Law and theory are similar because both

• explain why events and conditions occur in the natural world

• are based on what we expect to happen