A Teen and a Trolley Reveal Society's Dark Side

PART A: Which of the following best describes the central idea of the article?

• A. Humans are evil by nature and must actively do good in order to resist their evil impulses.

• B. The trolley problem does not accurately reflect human nature because there is no right answer to the problem.

• C. Biases affect how people value others, but awareness can help reduce unequal treatment.

• D. Society places value on people based on how well they can make tough choices for the greater good.

PART B: Which of the following quotes best supports the answer to Part A?

• A. “What do you do? Throw the switch and doom one person? Or do nothing and watch five die?” (Paragraph 1)

• B.“Tiffany came across it in a class on ethics... It immediately fascinated her. ‘There was genuinely no correct answer,’ she says.” (Paragraph 4)

• C. “54 percent of people would throw the switch to sacrifice a standing woman, the number jumped to 74 percent if she was described as sitting in a wheelchair.” (Paragraph 8)

• D. “understanding these hidden biases can be very important. With this information, she explains, ‘we can target those biases and create a more equal society.’” (Paragraph 10)

3. How does paragraph 1 contribute to the author’s explanation of “the trolley problem”?

• A. It is designed to spark a classroom discussion about what the trolley problem represents.

• B. It describes a situation and asks questions similar to what can be found in the trolley problem.

• C. It asks the reader to consider how they value others’ lives and what biases affect this.

• D. It shows that the trolley problem is just an exercise and doesn’t determine how someone would actually react.

4. Which statement best describes the relationship between ethics and the trolley problem, as shown in the article?

• A. The trolley problem is an experiment that tests one’s moral principles by posing a difficult decision.

• B. The trolley problem is an experiment that teaches people how to accept scenarios no one can win.

• C. The trolley problem forces people to confront their own biases both in daily life and regarding larger moral principles.

• D. The trolley problem proves that ethics is not an unbiased study but one that changes from person to person.

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