Observational & Exp Studies 11/2 #4

What is the difference between an observational study and an experiment?

• Observational studies compare data.

• Experiments involve imposing a treatment.

• Observational studies have subjects and treatments.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

How many variables should you change in an experiment?

• none
• 1
• 2 or more
• depends on the type of experiment

A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group was assigned to watch a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children's behavior was then recorded for incidences of aggressive behavior. This research method is best characterized as...

• experimental

• case study

• correlational

• observation

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.5

Dr. Larson was interested in whether classical music helps students perform better on a test. Dr. Larson randomly assigned half of the study's participants to a group that listened to classical music while taking a test. The other half of the participants did not listen to music while taking a test. The research design Dr. Larson used is...

• a case study

• an experiment

• an observation

• a survey

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.5

Jane Goodall lived among wild chimpanzees intermittently for decades, studying their social and family systems while keeping her interaction with the chimpanzees to a minimum. Her research method can most accurately be described as a...

• survey

• case study

• experiment

• observation

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety. Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone.

Which type of research does the scenario describe?

• Correlational

• Observation

• Case Study

• Experiment

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.5

To test the effects of breakfast on grades I ask my students if they ate breakfast and then compare the breakfast eaters grades to the non-breakfast eaters.
This is an example of:

• Observational study
• Experiment
• Neither
• Both observational study and experiment

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

To test the effects of eating breakfast on test grades. I randomly select half of my students and feed them breakfast while giving the other half nothing to eat. I then give them all a test and compare the test grades of each group.

Is this an experiment or an observational study?

• Experiment

• Observational study

• Neither

• Both experiment and observational study.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.5

Researchers were interested to know whether internal vehicle temperatures vary by outside temperatures. To evaluate this, temperature rise was measured continuously over a 60-minute period in a dark SUV on 16 different clear, sunny days with outside temperatures ranging from 72^oF to 96^oF. The researchers' method of analysis is best described as:

• a census.

• a survey.

• an observational study.

• an experiment.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Identify each of the following as an observational study or an experiment.

Compare the grades on a final math test of 25 students who were given a calculator to use and 25 students who do not use calculators.

• Observational Study

• Experiment

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.5