US History 2 Midterm

What is a main reason immigrants came to the US in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

• Did NOT want religious freedom
• Hoped for economic opportunity (to make money)
• Wanted LESS diversity
• Wanted to live more simply

What challenges did immigrants face in the US?

• They caught diseases
• Had trouble learning the language/faced prejudice
• Uncomfortable in the large homes in the US
• Difficult to study for the citizenship test

This banker tycoon made his fortune by taking over and merging other people's businesses.

• J.P. Morgan
• Cornelius Vanderbilt
• Andrew Carnegie
• John D. Rockefeller

Why did workers form unions?

• to decrease wages
• to expand child labor
• to increase working hours
• to improve working conditions

An organization of workers established to serve and advance its members' interests in terms of wages, benefits, and working hours and conditions

• closed shop

• labor union

• blacklist

• lockout

What were political machines?

• Powerful organizations that controlled local city governments.

• Machines that were used to count votes.

• Politicians who were the most qualified for their position.

• City officials that provided food and clothing to the poor.

_{Most strikes by unions in the late 1800s were unsuccessful mainly because}

• unions were unconstitutional

• strikes had never been used before to settle labor issues

• government supported business instead of workers

• strikers failed to use militant tactics

The term “muckrakers” was used in the early twentieth century to refer to . . .

• laborers who worked in the meatpacking industry

• baseball players who lost important games on purpose to collect large bribes

• writers who wrote articles sympathetic to big business

• journalists who wrote articles exposing political corruption and urban poverty

The belief that the ideas of natural selection ("survival of the fittest") should be applied to the marketplace and to society at large.

• social darwinism

• gospel of wealth

• Spencer's Theory of Selectivity

• Laissez-faire

Which idea led to a rise in anti-immigrant groups and a demand for immigration restrictions?

• Melting Pot
• Birds of Passage
• Nativism
• All of the above