Sci Rev and Enlightenment Review

Who was the English thinker who developed the scientific method?

• Antoine Lavoisier

• Francis Bacon

• Isaac Newton

• Robert Boyle

Ptolemy's geocentric, or Earth centered, theory

• was accepted in Europe for over 1400 years

• was proven to be true by Nicolaus Copernicus

• was dismissed by the great thinkers of his time

• stated that the sun was the center of the solar system

Author of the Leviathan, and believed that people needed strong rule by a leader who had total power

• John Locke

• Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

• Voltaire

John Locke believed that the purpose of the government was to

• preserve the monarchy

• maintain order

• support a strong ruler

• protect people's rights

Political philosopher who believed that government should be divided into groups to hold each other accountable such as legislative, executive, and judicial.

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Voltaire

• Beccaria

Political thinker who believed that people should be free to follow their religious beliefs.

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Rousseau

• Beccaria

Political philosopher known for his famous quote, "Men are born free, but everywhere are in chains," implying that people think they are really not because of social regulations and responsibilities.

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

• Beccaria

The scientist that developed the heliocentric theory of the universe was

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Isaac Newton

• Thomas Aquinas

• Ptolemy

Who came up with the concept of gravity?

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Isaac Newton

• Galileo

• Rene Descartes

How did European thinkers during the Enlightenment believe society could be improved?

• by increasing the amount of taxes governments collected

• by restricting individual rights and eliminating free speech

• by applying scientific methods of reasoning to social problems

• by increasing the power of European monarchs