Mercantilism Review

What is mercantilism?

• A system where a mother country gains money and power from natural resources that come from its colonies.

• where colonies trade gold and silver with each other.

• Wars that start over money.

• Plantation colonies trading slaves for money.

Great Britain wanted to create wealth by importing more goods than it exported.

• True

• False

Land the mother country takes in a distant place and uses to make money for itself is a

• town

• continent

• colony

• imperialism

The Spanish conducted slave-raiding expeditions along the East Coast before the Naváez and de Soto expeditions to Florida, a practice that had become widespread throughout the Spanish new world since the Columbian voyages. Queen Isabella forbade the practice, but the Spanish monarchs agreed in 1503 to what was later called the Encomienda system. Under this system, Spaniards would be granted an allotment of Indians who were to be protected and Christianized. In essence, the natives became forced laborers who worked the land, labored in mines, and

constructed public buildings.

How did Spanish leaders in Latin America misuse the Encomienda system?

• Missionaries attempted to build Christian institutions for the natives.

• Natives were forced to pay leaders gold for protection.

• The land was taken from the inhabitants and natives were enslaved.

• Natives were introduced to the practice of democracy.

The period of imperialism has witnessed many wars. . . . They have resulted in the taking of territory by force . . . The white rulers of the colonies live at the expense of the natives. Their chief work is to organize labor for their support. In the typical colony, the most fertile lands and the mineral resources are owned by white foreigners. These holdings are worked by natives under their direction. The

foreigners take wealth out of the country. All the hard work is done by natives

According to the author, how did imperialism affect African societies?

• Foreigners helped the continent by finding its valuable minerals.

• Foreigners took the citizens out of the country to work as slaves.

• Foreigners used the most fertile land and took wealth out of the country.

• Foreigners helped the continent by providing citizens with high-paying jobs

.History of Slavery in Brazil

1819 – Slaves were one-third of the population.

1825 – Slaves were over one-half of the population.

1888 – Slavery ended; however, this freedom did not come with a change in occupation for the former slaves.

Slavery existed in Brazil until 1888.

Which is a likely effect of the history of slavery

in Brazil?

• high levels of literacy

• many different ecological climates

• abundant job opportunities

• large inequalities of income

The exportation of laborers and capital from old to new countries . . . adds to the joint wealth of the old and the new country . . . There needs be no hesitation in affirming that Colonization, in the present state of the world, is the best affair of business, in which the [wealth] of an old and wealthy country can engage.

Principles of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill, 1848

Based on the excerpt, what was Mill’s perception of colonialism?

• Colonization expands the power of European churches.

• Colonization benefits both the colonizer and the colonized

• Colonization introduces diseases to Europe that sicken entire populations.

• Colonization encourages European countries to create democratic governments.

The Columbian Exchange. was a movement of _______, between .

• the Eastern and Western hemispheres

• people/cultures

• disease, animals, and plants

• all of the above

What was the route of the Triangle Trade Route?

• England to Africa, Africa to the Americas, the Americas back to England.

• China to North America, North America to India, India back to China.

• England to South America, South America to China, China back to England.

• South America to England, England to India, India back to South America.

10. What is an impact of European exploration on Native Americans?

• European farming techniques were quickly adopted

• Many Native Americans were resettled throughout Europe

• Conflicts between Native American tribes ended

• Disease brought by Europeans caused a large number of deaths