Enlightenment and Political Revolutions

During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was that they

• relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers

• favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions

• received support from the Catholic Church

• examined natural laws governing the universe

Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in

• changing the relationship between people and their government

• supporting the divine right theory

• debating the role of the Church in society

• promoting increased powers for European monarchs

In Latin America, the development of the social class structure was most strongly affected by the

• cultural influences of the Spanish and Portuguese

• writings of the philosophers of the Enlightenment

• success of the American Revolution

• diverse topography throughout the region

One way in which Maximilien Robespierre, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Saddam Hussein are similar is that these leaders all

• purged their nations of political opponents

• followed the teachings of Karl Marx

• supported the ideals of the European Enlightenment

• obtained their goals through the use of passive resistance

Which statement represents a key idea directly associated with John Locke's Two Treatises of Government?

• freedom of speech should be denied.

• The king's power on Earth comes from God.

• All people are born with the right to life, liberty, and property.

• Individuals acting in their own self-interest will achieve economic success.

In which region of the world did the American revolution and the French Revolution have the greatest influence during the 1800s?

• Southeast Asia

• Latin America

• South Asia

• sub-Saharan Africa

A primary cause of the French Revolution in 1789 was the

• increasing dissatisfaction of the Third Estate

• rise to power of Napoleon Bonaparte

• actions of Prince Metternich

• execution of Louis XVI

The French bourgeoisie supported the French Revolution mainly because they

• believed in the theory of divine right of kings

• were not allowed to own property under the Old Regime

• resented their lack of political power under the Old Regime

• wanted a communist form of government

"Estates General Meet for First Time in 175 Years"

"National Assembly Issues Declarations of the Rights of Man"

"Reign of Terror Ends; Robespierre Dies"

Which event in European history is most closely associated with these headlines?

• Puritan Revolution

• Hundred Years War

• French Revolution

• signing of the Magna Carta

In the late 1700s, which situation in France is considered a cause of the other three?

• meeting of the estates general

• unfair policies of taxation

• execution of the king

• storming of the Bastille