BIO.3C Transcription and Translation Quizizz

Examine the section of nucleic acid.

Which explanation best describes the molecule shown?

• Structures X, Y, and Z represent a nucleotide of a double-stranded DNA molecule.

• Structures X, Y, and Z represent a phosphate group of a double-stranded DNA molecule.

• Structures X, Y, and Z represent an amino acid on an RNA molecule with a 5-carbon ribose sugar.

• Structures X, Y, and Z represent a gene on an RNA molecule with a 5-carbon ribose sugar.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Use the codon chart to answer the questions.

The DNA sequence CAA would create an mRNA codon that would code for which amino acid?

• arginine

• glutamine

• proline

• valine

A segment of a DNA molecule contains the base sequence: TAC CCA GGT.

Using the mRNA codon chart, which amino acid sequence would be produced from this DNA base sequence?

• alanine-asparagine-leucine

• methionine-valine-proline

• methionine-glycine-proline

• tyrosine-proline-valine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Red blood cells contain the hemoglobin protein which is a carrier of oxygen. In sickle cell anemia, the hemoglobin present in red blood cells becomes abnormal and sickle shaped. Abnormal hemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as normal hemoglobin. The sequences given show sections of the DNA sequence that produce both the normal and abnormal types of hemoglobin.

Which amino acids are coded for by the abnormal DNA?

• histidine, leucine, valine

• histidine, threonine, valine

• proline, valine, glutamic acid

• proline, leucine, glutamic acid

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The diagram shows a type of mutation in a DNA strand.

Which term best describes the type of mutation in the DNA strand?

• Addition

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Substitution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A strand of DNA has the sequence GATTACA. When replicated, the resulting strand is GATTTCA. What has happened?

• The DNA was replicated properly, as some changes are expected each time DNA is copied.

• In the replication process the DNA code was changed, resulting in a mutation.

• The "A" changed to a "T" which is not unusual, as they always pair and are interchangable.

• The entire strand was translated wrong, as all "T" bases should have been changed to "U."

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The diagram shows a single DNA strand.

What would happen if thymine (T) was replaced by adenine (A)?

• A nondisjunction would occur.

• A gene mutation would occur.

• A segregation would occur.

• Crossing-over would occur.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

When a strand of DNA was replicated, one base was left out. Why would this be more damaging than if the base was only changed?

• The process stops and must restart at the beginning after the new sequence of DNA has been read.

• The missing base would leave a hole in the new DNA strand, causing the structure to be unstable.

• The rest of the DNA cannot be read, as it would recognize that the number of bases changed.

• The codons shift one letter for all bases after the mutation, changing all of them as well.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A chemical mutagen causes a point mutation in a DNA molecule that changes the nucleotide adenine into guanine, as shown.

What effect will such mutation have on the function of the DNA?

• The DNA will code for the same protein.

• The DNA will code for a nonfunctional protein.

• The DNA will code for an incomplete protein.

• The DNA will code for the same protein but of a different shape.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the role of mRNA during protein synthesis?

• to bind to protein molecules and form ribosomes

• to carry out the termination of a polypeptide chain

• to carry genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes for translation

• to recognize a specific codon and to deliver the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome