Unit 1 Spring Protestant Reform & Absolutism

Which German priest nailed his 95 essays (theses) to the church door, listing the many ways the Catholic Church was corrupt, thus starting the Protestant Reformation in 1517?

• Ulrich Nielsen

• Martin Luther King Jr

• Martin Luther

• Mads Mikkelson

When the Catholic Church sold "indulgences", decorated their churches with gold while people were left to starve, this led to people questioning authority; and all of this led to what major event?

• Glorious Revolution

• 30 Years War

• European Exploration

• Protestant Reformation

When you paid a Catholic priest money to absolve (pardon/forgive) your sins, this was known as

• Sale of indulgences

• Redress of grievances

• Bartering for heaven

• Paypal

Martin Luther and John Calvin were against the selling of indulgences because they believed that everyone had ______; it was already ordained by God that you would be saved or not saved.

• Preoccupation

• Predestination

• Precautionary

• Preponderations

The rise of nation states, the belief in predestination, religious conflicts and new Christian denominations were all consequences (effects) of

• French Revolution

• Anglican Reformation

• Protestant Reformation

• American Revolution

Did the Protestant Reformation lead to new divisions in European society?

• Yes

• No

Did the Protestant Reformation cause an increase in literacy and reform in the Catholic Church?

• Yes

• No

Categorize the effects of the Protestant Reformation.

Groups:

(a) Social

,

(b) Political

,

(c) Economic

,

(d) Geographic

• Monarchs gained power over the church.

• Establishment of new trade routes expanded markets.

• Literacy encouraged curiosity & questioning authority

• Trade increased between new nation-states

• Increased participation in civic activities

• Emphasis on education & literacy

• New trade routes were established across continents

• Atlantic Slave Trade began after exploration

• Monarchs took church land as their own

• Natural resources influenced settlement patterns

• Regions enforced certain languages like English, German, French, etc

• New resources were traded

• New political ideologies emerged during the Enlightenment.

When there was major conflicts between nation states over religious, territorial and commercial issues, (especially between the Protestants and Catholics) in 1618 - 1648 this led to

• Glorious Revolution

• Spanish Inquisition

• Salem Witch Trials

• 30 Years War

When the ______ was signed ending the 30 Years War, this led to the rise of _______, ______ and ended a unified Christendom.

• Peace Treaty, Spain, France

• Peace of Westphalia, Monarchs, France

• Peace of Malta, Queens, Netherlands