Describe the relationship between cell size and SA:V ratios.

As cells increase in size, the SA:V ratio decreases

As cells increase in size, the SA:V ratio increases

As cells decrease in size, the SA:V ratio decreases

Cell size has no effect on the SA:V ratio

Describe the characteristics of a membrane-bound protein.

Hydrophilic R group exterior cell & hydrophobic R group interior membrane

Hydrophilic R group interior membrane & hydrophobic R group interior cell

Which of the following requires an input of energy for membrane transport?

Charged ion moving against concentration gradient

Water moving into a hypertonic cell

Charged ion moving with concentration gradient

Water moving out of a hypotonic cell

What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Endocytosis involves phagocytosis or pinocytosis to bring materials in cell

Endocytosis involves cytoplasm of a neighboring cell entering

Exocytosis involves cytoplasm of a neighboring cell exiting

Exocytosis involves phagocytosis or pinocytosis to remove material from cell

Which of the following correctly describe the movement of water?

Cell with 1.0M concentration will gain water from the 0.5M exterior solution

Cell with 0.5M concentration will gain water from the 1.0M exterior solution

Cell with 0.5M concentration will gain water from the 0.5M exterior solution

Cell with 0.5M concentration will lose water to the 0.5M exterior solution

Why is a eukaryotic cell able to be larger than a prokaryotic cell?

Membrane-bound organelles compartmentalize intracellular processes

Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus which decreases the volume of the cell

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus which decreases the volume of the cell

Absence of membrane-bound organelles allows for enzymatic reactions.

What is the molecule illustrated in the figure below?

a trans polyunsaturated triacylglyceride

a steroid similar to cholesterol

A researcher designs an experiment to investigate the effect of environmental temperature on the function of an enzyme. For each trial included in the experiment, the researcher will add the enzyme and its substrate to an aqueous buffer solution and then measure the amount of product formed over 20 minutes. Which of the following must remain the same for all trials of this experiment?

The initial concentration of the substrate

The final concentration of the product

The three-dimensional structure of the enzyme

The temperature of the aqueous buffer solution

The most likely explanation for the results shown in this graph is that...

pH affects the shape of the active site of the enzyme

pH affects the temperature of the reaction

the enzyme has a quaternary structure

pH affects the primary structure of the enzyme

Which of the following questions can best be answered by the diagram?

Does the addition of an enzyme reduce the activation energy required for a reaction?

Does the addition of an enzyme result in the formation of covalent bonds?

Does the addition of an enzyme produce a greater amount of products?

Does the addition of an enzyme change the pathway for the reaction?

Which of the following can be used to determine the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Rate of disappearance of the substrate

Rate of disappearance of the product

Change in volume of the solution

Rate of disappearance of the enzyme

According to the chemiosmotic theory (chemiosmotic coupling), the energy required to move protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space against a concentration gradient comes most directly from...

electrons flowing along the electron transport chain

the breakdown of high-energy fatty acids in the mitochondrial matrix

substrate-level phosphorylation

In hypotonic environments, paramecium utilize a pump vacuole to maintain homeostasis. Why is this vacuole necessary?

The vacuole pumps out excess water coming into the cell.

The vacuole sucks in water lost to the environment

The vacuole pumps in salt to offset the hypotonic conditions

The vacuole pumps out excess salt diffusing into the organism

If an individual had a mutation where they had excess aquaporins in their kidney cells, what would happen to this person?

They would have difficulty producing proper volumes of urine.

They would produce too much dilute urine.

They would become dehydrated more easily.

Their blood pressure would decrease.

Which of these is not evidence used to support the endosymbiont theory for mitochondria and chloroplasts?

The organelles produce their own energy.

The organelles contain free ribosomes and circular DNA

The organelles have a double membrane

The organelles grow and reproduce somewhat independently

If a cell loses water to its environment, what is true about the environment?

It has a greater water potential than the cell

It has a lower solute concentration than the cell

What is the role of lysosomes in phagocytosis?

They digest the particles brought in by the vesicles

They form the vesicles needed for bulk transport

The form the phospholipids needed to form the vesicles

They produce the proteins needed to form a vesicle

If a person had a mutation that changed the shape of channel proteins, how would this affect cell transport?

Large polar substances would no longer be able to cross the cell membrane.

Nonpolar substances would no longer cross the cell membrane.

The rate of diffusion for polar substances would increase

The rate of bulk transport would decrease.

Why are aquaporins necessary for osmosis?

Water is polar and is repelled by the cell membrane

Water is nonpolar and is repelled by the cell membrane

The hydrophilic lipid tails of the membrane repel water.

Aquaporins are not involved in osmosis

Many classes of antibiotics function by increasing membrane permeability in bacteria. What effect would this have on the bacterium?

The cell would have difficulty maintaining homeostasis

The cell would grow too large to function efficiently

The cell would have an increased rate of ATP production

The cell is now more susceptible to phagocytic white blood cells.

Phospholipids spontaneously assemble into a bilayer in an aqueous environment because -

The lipid tails are repelled by water

The phosphate heads are repelled by water

The phosphate heads form covalent bonds with water

The lipid tails are attracted to water

Moving a solute up its concentration gradient requires -

the solvent to be water soluble

Why do integral proteins have mainly nonpolar amino acids in their structure?

So they can anchor themselves and span the hydrophobic core of cell membrane

So that they can allow water to pass through

So that they are not repelled by the phosphate heads

To form active sites for ATP hydrolysis

Why is the double membrane of mitochondria and chloroplast important for their functions?

It increases the surface area available to perform their processes

It provides an extra layer of protection from their environment

It allows for easier synthesis of proteins

It allows the organelles to reproduce on their own

Assuming these cubes are cells, which one would be the most efficient at performing cell transport and maintaining homeostasis?

They would all have the same efficiency

A protein that is destined for the membrane would be made

on a ribosome attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

on a ribosome that is in the cytoplasm

Unit 2 AP Biology Review

Authored by Smitha S

Biology, Science, Professional Development

9th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 8+ times

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115 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Describe the difference between rough ER and smooth ER.

Rough ER compartmentalizes cell; Smooth ER functions in detox and lipid synthesis

Rough ER functions in ribosome synthesis; Smooth ER functions in lipid synthesis

Rough ER functions in detox and lipid synthesis; Smooth ER compartmentalizes cell

Rough ER functions in lipid synthesis; Smooth ER functions in ribosome synthesis

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which organelle is a membrane-bound structure that functions in correct folding/chemical modification of proteins?

Golgi complex

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which is membrane-enclosed sacs that contain hydrolytic enzymes?

Golgi complex

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which is responsible for storage and release of macromolecules and cellular waster products. In plants, aids in turgor.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Vacuoles

Which of the following is the location for the light-dependent reactions?

grana/thylakoid membrane

matrix

stroma

cristae

Which of the following is the location for the Krebs cycle?

grana/thylakoid membrane

matrix

stroma

cristae

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is the location for the ATP synthesis in cellular respiration?

grana/thylakoid membrane

matrix

stroma

cristae

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Unit 2 AP Biology Review

Describe the difference between rough ER and smooth ER.

Which organelle is a membrane-bound structure that functions in correct folding/chemical modification of proteins?

Which is membrane-enclosed sacs that contain hydrolytic enzymes?

Which is responsible for storage and release of macromolecules and cellular waster products. In plants, aids in turgor.

Which of the following is the location for the light-dependent reactions?

Which of the following is the location for the Krebs cycle?

Which of the following is the location for the ATP synthesis in cellular respiration?

Which of the following is the location for the ATP synthesis in photosynthesis?

Describe the relationship between cell size and SA:V ratios.

Describe the characteristics of a membrane-bound protein.

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