World History Semester 1 Final 2026

Which continental region expanded into the world around 1750 and took over trade and other empires?

• East Asia

  Japan and China

• Middle East

• Americas

• Europeans

Which of the following statements does not align with the world situation around 1750?

• Europe was not yet dominant but was about to become the leading region

• The most common form of government was the divine right of kings in absolute monarchies

• Europe had already begun expanding and trading in African and Asian markets

• The transatlantic slave trade had not yet begun

Which of the following is not considered one of the Islamic Gunpowder Empires?

• Tokugawa

• Safavid

• Mughal

• Ottoman

Among the following empires, which empire had goods that other countries most wanted to trade for?

• Tokugawa Shogunate

• Spain

• Qing Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

“If a man in the state of nature is free, if he is absolute lord of his own person and possessions, why will he part with his freedom? Why will he subject himself to the dominion and control of any other power or institution? The obvious answer is that rights in the state of nature are constantly exposed to the invasion of others. Since every man is equal and most men do not concern themselves with equity and justice, the enjoyment of rights in the state of nature is unsafe and insecure. Hence, each man joins in society with others to preserve life, liberty, and property.

Whenever the legislators endeavor to take away and destroy the property of the people, or to reduce them to slavery... they are in a state of war with the people, who are thereupon absolved from any further obedience, and are left to the common refuge which God hath provided for all men against force and violence.”

John Locke -- Second Treatise of Government, 1690

In which document were the ideas in this passage best utilized/copied?

• The Wealth of Nations

• The Declaration of Independence

• The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

• The Communist Manifesto

“If a man in the state of nature is free, if he is absolute lord of his own person and possessions, why will he part with his freedom? Why will he subject himself to the dominion and control of any other power or institution? The obvious answer is that rights in the state of nature are constantly exposed to the invasion of others. Since every man is equal and most men do not concern themselves with equity and justice, the enjoyment of rights in the state of nature is unsafe and insecure. Hence, each man joins in society with others to preserve his life, liberty, and property. Whenever the legislators endeavor to take away and destroy the property of the people, or to reduce them to slavery... they are no longer obliged to obey, and may... rise up with force and violence.”John Locke – Second Treatise of Government, 1690

Why does Locke believe it is necessary to give up some freedoms in a democratic system?

• To better protect it from those who would infringe upon your natural rights

• Because a king can better manage the people

• Because all people are inherently evil

• To promote gender equality

“The absurd distinction of ranks has made civilization a curse, dividing the world into voluptuous tyrants and cunning envious dependents, corrupting every class of people almost equally, because dignity is not associated with the fulfillment of the relative duties of life, but with status, and when duties are not fulfilled, feelings cannot gain sufficient strength to consolidate them as virtues, which are the natural reward. Nevertheless, there are some loopholes through which a person can climb out, daring to think and act independently; but for women, this is a Herculean task, as they must overcome the peculiar difficulties of their sex, requiring almost superhuman strength.”

Mary Wollstonecraft—A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

The audience most likely to hear Mary Wollstonecraft's argument is

• Women

• Kings

• Educated society

• Peasants

“The absurd distinction of ranks has made civilization a curse, and the world a stage for the ambitious or the cunning to play their tricks on. It has corrupted every class of people, because dignity is not associated with the discharge of the relative duties of life, but with the station, and when the duties are not fulfilled, the affections cannot gain sufficient strength to fortify them as the natural reward of virtue. Yet there are some loopholes, through which a man may creep out, and dare to think and act for himself; but for a woman it is a Herculean task, because she has to surmount the peculiar difficulties of her sex, which require almost superhuman powers.”

Mary Wollstonecraft—A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

Which of the following is not a main idea of the Enlightenment?

• Progress

• Reason

• Equality

• Utilitarianism

Which of the following was NOT one of the causes of the French revolution?

• 
• poor weather and harvests which caused inflation

• Invading armies from other countries

• Extreme debt for helping the U.S. pay for the revolutionary war

The representatives of the French people, organized as the National Assembly, believe that ignorance, neglect, or contempt of human rights are the sole causes of public misfortune and governmental corruption, and have resolved to set forth in a solemn declaration the natural, inalienable, and sacred rights of man, so that this declaration, constantly before all members of the social body, shall remind them continually of their rights and duties; in order that the acts of the legislative and executive powers may be compared at any moment with the aims and purposes of all political institutions and may thus be more respected; and, in order that the grievances of the citizens, based henceforth upon simple and incontestable principles, shall tend to the maintenance of the constitution and redound to the happiness of all. Therefore, the National Assembly recognizes and proclaims, in the presence and under the auspices of the Supreme Being, the following rights of man and citizen.

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen - 1789

Which class of French society was this text created to support and protect?

• The Third Estate

• The Second Estate

• The First Estate

• None of the above