Lipid and Protein Metabolism

What is the basic order of events in the digestion and mobilization of dietary fats?

• Degradation by lipases→ emulsified by bile→ incorporation into chylomicrons→ absorption and conversion into triacylglycerols

• Degradation by lipases→ absorption and conversion into triacylglycerols→incorporation into chylomicrons→ emulsified by bile

• Emulsified by bile→ degradation by lipases→ absorption and conversion into triacylglycerols→ incorporation into chylomicrons

• Emulsified by bile→ incorporation into chylomicrons→ absorption and conversion into triacylglycerols→ degradation by lipases

Approximately how many molecules of ATP can be produced from the oxidation of a 20 carbon fatty acid, including those produced in the Krebs cycle?

• 107

• 100

• 129

• 136

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

What are the major products of amino acid catabolism?

• Ketone bodies and tetrahydrofolate

• Tetrahydrofolate and glycogen

• Ketone bodies and glucose

• Glucose and tetrahydrofolate

A deficiency of oxaloacetate would most likely increase the catabolism of what potential energy source?

• Acetyl-CoA

• Glucogenic amino acids

• Ketogenic amino acids

• Acetoacetyl-CoA

What chemical properties describe a free fatty acid molecule capable of producing the most energy when used as a fuel source, relative to other free fatty acids?

• Shorter hydrocarbon tail with a greater number of unsaturated bonds

• Longer hydrocarbon tail with a greater number of unsaturated bonds

• Longer hydrocarbon tail with a lesser number of unsaturated bonds

• Shorter hydrocarbon tail with a lesser number of unsaturated bonds

What is the rate limiting step in the production of energy from free fatty acids?

• Degradation of acetyl-CoA to enter the Krebs cycle

• Carnitine acyl-transferase activity

• β-oxidation within the mitochondrial matrix

• Dehydrogenation of fatty acyl-CoA

What is lipolysis?

• Hydrolysis of triacylglycerol

• Formation of lipids

• Breakdown of ketone bodies

• Formation of ketone bodies

Which of the following hormone is not used in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol into the fatty acids in adipose tissues?

• Epinephrine

• Norepinephrine

• Glucagon

• Insulin

Name the energy source of the brain during starvation.

• Fat

• Ketone bodies

• Protein

• Lipids

In which form the nitrogen is incorporated into an amino acid?

• Nitrite

• Glutamate

• Nitrate

• Ammonium ion