Quiz about Biology - Genetics Test Review

Question 1

Which of the following is ultimately going to determine your traits?

Accepted Answer

the sequences of nitrogenous bases in your genes

Answer

the number of phosphates in your DNA

Answer

the number of chromosomes you have

Answer

the number of ribose sugars in RNA

Question 2

What nitrogen base is in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Guanine

Answer

Thymine

Question 3

How many codons are in the sequence AUGAAACCGUAA

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

1

Answer

3

Answer

12

Question 4

The process of creating a protein from RNA is called

Accepted Answer

translation

Answer

transcription

Answer

replication

Answer

reverse transcription

Question 5

The process of creating mRNA based on a DNA sequence is called

Accepted Answer

transcription

Answer

translation

Answer

replication

Answer

reverse transcription

Question 6

Which process is shown in the image?

Accepted Answer

crossing over

Answer

independent assortment

Answer

segregation

Answer

mutation

Question 7

Crossing over is important because....

Accepted Answer

It allows for more genetic diversity of gametes.

Answer

It prevents mutations from entering the gametes.

Answer

It allows for even distribution of chromosomes in the gametes.

Answer

It allows for genetic uniformity of gametes.

Question 8

Another name for a sex cell is a:

Accepted Answer

gamete

Answer

embryo

Answer

bone cell

Answer

muscle cell

Question 9

A cell with 10 chromosomes go through meiosis. What is the end result of the process

Accepted Answer

4 cells with 5 chromosomes each

Answer

4 cells with 10 chromosomes each

Answer

2 cells with 10 chromosomes each

Answer

2 cells with 5 chromosomes each

Question 10

Which cellular process is shown?

Accepted Answer

meiosis

Answer

endocytosis

Answer

mitosis

Answer

cellular respiration

Question 11

Daughter cells are genetically identical

Accepted Answer

mitosis

Answer

meiosis

Answer

both

Question 12

In meiosis, the haploid number of chromosomes in a human sex cell is:

Accepted Answer

23

Answer

46

Answer

92

Answer

22

Question 13

Which of the following happens just as many times with meiosis as it does with mitosis?

Accepted Answer

DNA is replicated before cell division

Answer

the cytoplasm splits in half (cytokinesis)

Answer

the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Answer

the spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes

Question 14

What does meiosis do that mitosis doesn't?

Accepted Answer

increases genetic variability of daughter cells

Answer

divides the cell evenly

Answer

splits the chromosomes evenly to both sides

Question 15

Determine the sex of the individual whose karyotype is displayed in the image.

Accepted Answer

female

Answer

male

Question 16

Determine the sex of the individual whose karyotype is displayed in the image.

Accepted Answer

male

Answer

female

Question 17

Which structure is labeled as A in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Sister chromatids

Question 18

Which structure is labeled as B in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Centromere

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Sister chromatids

Question 19

Which structure is labeled as C in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Chromosome

Question 20

A pair of identical chromosomes shown in a karyotype, one inherited from mom, and one inherited from dad are called

Accepted Answer

homologous chromosomes

Answer

sister chromotids

Answer

centromeres

Answer

autosomes

Question 21

What makes this individual's karyotype not normal?

Accepted Answer

An extra autosome

Answer

An extra sex chromosome

Answer

A missing sex chromosome

Answer

A missing autosome

Question 22

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

Accepted Answer

Substitution

Answer

Deletion

Answer

Insertion

Answer

Frameshift

Question 23

When one or more nucleotides are lost during chromosomal crossover in meiosis, this is called:

Accepted Answer

a deletion mutation

Answer

an insertion mutation

Answer

a translocation

Question 24

What is Bb?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous

Answer

Homozygous

Answer

Recessive

Answer

Alleles

Question 25

What are the two genotypes that show the DOMINANT Phenotype

Accepted Answer

GG, Gg

Answer

GG, gg

Answer

Gg, gg

Question 26

This trait is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present

Accepted Answer

recessive allele

Answer

dominant allele

Answer

codominance

Answer

Punnett Square

Question 27

B = brown fur b = white fur

In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?

Accepted Answer

50%

Answer

0%

Answer

25%

Answer

75%

Question 28

Fill in the Yellow Box

Accepted Answer

bb

Answer

Bb

Answer

BB

Question 29

The punnett square is used to tell the color of a frogs skin. "G" means green skin and "g" means brown skin. What is the chance the baby frogs will have brown skin?

Accepted Answer

0%

Answer

25%

Answer

50%

Answer

100%

Question 30

What is the mother's genotype?

Accepted Answer

dd

Answer

DD

Answer

Dd

Question 31

A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?

Accepted Answer

50%

Answer

0%

Answer

25%

Answer

75%

Question 32

Georgette wants to breed her pet phoenixes, but she isn't sure if the babies will burst into blue flames or red flames. Her documents show that her female phoenix is homozygous dominant for red flames, while her male phoenix is homozygous recessive for blue flames. What color flames will the babies have?

Accepted Answer

Red

Answer

Blue

Answer

Purple

Answer

50% Red, 50% Blue

Question 33

Bob the abominable snowman lives in the snowy Andes mountains. He has white fur, which blends in nicely. He is therefore dismayed when his mate keeps having red-furred babies. What is Bob's likely genotype?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous Recessive

Answer

Homozygous Dominant

Answer

Heterozygous

Question 34

Jabba the Hutt has finally decided to settle down and have a family. He has undergone genetic testing and learned that he is heterozygous for Hutt Fungal Syndrome, which is caused by recessive alleles. He is worried that his children might suffer from this syndrome. His Hutt mate has undergone genetic testing and discovered she is homozygous dominant for the syndrome. Should Jabba be worried?

Accepted Answer

No

Answer

Yes

Question 35

What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?

Accepted Answer

AB, AB, aB, aB

Answer

Ab, AB, Ab, ab

Answer

Ab, Ab, Ab, Ab

Answer

AB, aB, ab, aB

Question 36

What goes in box 1

Accepted Answer

AABb

Answer

AABB

Answer

aabb

Answer

AaBb

Question 37

What goes in box 3

Accepted Answer

Aabb

Answer

AABB

Answer

AAbb

Answer

aaBb

Question 38

Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of

Accepted Answer

genotypes

Answer

phenotypes

Question 39

What is the genotype for a pea plant heterozygous for round seeds (R), and homozygous recessive for green seeds (y)?

Accepted Answer

Rryy

Answer

Ry

Answer

RRyy

Answer

RrYy

Question 40

Assume dad's gametes are on top, what is his genotype?

Accepted Answer

AaPp

Answer

AAPP

Answer

aaPP

Answer

Aapp

Question 41

A male beetle has the genotype Ttbb. If this beetle mates with a female with genotype TTBb, what is the chance their offspring will have the genotype TtBb?

Accepted Answer

4/16

Answer

3/16

Answer

8/16

Answer

12/16

Question 42

Cross Two Homozygous plants
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds?

Accepted Answer

100%

Answer

0%

Answer

25%

Answer

50%

Question 43

A white mouse with red eyes is crossed with a black mouse with brown eyes. The white mouse is recessive for both of its traits. The black mouse is dominant for both of its traits.

This cross would be

Accepted Answer

BBEE x bbee

Answer

BBEe x BbEe

Answer

BbEE x BbEe

Answer

BBee x BBEE

Question 44

In pea plants, the allele for smooth seeds (S) is dominant of the allele for wrinkled seeds (s). In an experiment, when two hybrids (Ss) are crossed, what percent of the offspring share the same genotype as the parents?

Accepted Answer

50%

Answer

0%

Answer

25%

Answer

75%

Question 45

Stem cells are

Accepted Answer

undifferentiated and can be any type of cell

Answer

cells that grow uncontrollably

Answer

never go through cell division

Answer

only found in embryos

Question 46

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.

Answer

Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart.

Answer

Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells.

Answer

A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells.

Question 47

How do stem cells know what type of cells to differentiate into?

Accepted Answer

Signals from chemicals in the organism or from the environment determine which genes will be turned on and off.

Answer

The nucleus has instructions to turn some genes on and some genes off.

Answer

Genes turn on and off randomly.

Answer

The cell has unique DNA that determines what the cell will become.

Question 48

Siamese cats have darker fur on their ears and extremities, because:

Accepted Answer

Environmental influences such as temperature caused certain genes in those cells to become expressed and certain genes to become repressed differently than the other cells.

Answer

The genes on only those cells were inherited differently than all of the other cells.

Answer

Siamese cats are from Siam where dark extremities are just a more beneficial trait in that environment.

Answer

The cells in those specific areas of the bodies experienced the exact same mutation that produced darker fur.

Question 49

Using the dihybrid cross and key provided, what is the probability of the offspring being tall and white?

Accepted Answer

3/16

Answer

9/16

Answer

2/16

Answer

1/16

Question 50

Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

Bb

Answer

BB

Answer

bb

Answer

B

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