Lesson 5.3 Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism

What was a result of the Zhou capital being destroyed by invaders?

• Leaders of the feudal states declared independence.

• Loyal relatives supported the king to protect the empire.

• Feudal rulers began to use nomadic soldiers in their armies.

• Philosophers gained power by encouraging citizens to rebel.

What was one way the Chinese tried to protect themselves during the Warring States period?

• They created alliances with other nations.

• They built barriers like the Great Wall of Qi.

• They pitted feudal leaders against one another.

• They fled the capital of Luoyang to avoid invaders.

What caused the population to increase during the Warring States period?

• Conquered peoples were resettled in the empire.

• Better tools were used to increase the food supply.

• Soldiers were hired from outside the empire for protection.

• Cultural development convinced people to remain on their lands.

What were the goals of philosophers during the Warring States period?

• Philosophers wished to create peace by working with nomadic invaders.

• Philosophers hoped to hold leaders accountable by understanding warfare.

• Philosophers wished to restore political harmony by studying causes of war.

• Philosophers hoped to defeat China’s enemies by developing military strategies.

What was one influence on Confucius’s teachings?

• Poverty influenced Confucius to teach people how to reject social hierarchy.

• Working in the government influenced Confucius to teach about order.

• The Tao Te Ching influenced Confucius to teach about the need for filial piety.

• Receiving an education influenced Confucius to teach about the importance of rebellion.

What was a goal of Confucianism?

• to restore peace and harmony to all of China

• to restore leaders to power, even if they were weak

• to restore the honor and virtue of the richest citizens

• to restore order by severely punishing disobedience

What role does dualism have in the philosophy of Confucianism?

• It calls for a balance between each part of nature.

• It causes conflict between dark and light elements of nature.

• It shows how people prefer peace and harmony over conflict.

• It calls for victory of the bright side of nature over the dark side.

What belief about humans influenced Han Feizi in the development of Legalism?

• Humans must be educated to rebel.

• Humans must be bribed to be loyal.

• Humans must be forced to act right

• Humans must be paid to follow rules.

What does Taoism teach about government?

• Government cannot rely on citizens for loyalty.

• Government is responsible for caring for nature.

• Government is responsible for achieving balance.

• Government cannot create social order or harmony.

How did Taoism influence Chinese cultural traditions?

• Taoism influenced individuals to follow the flow of nature rather than rely on others to solve problems.

• Taoism influenced individuals to rely on the government as the main way of solving society’s problems.

• Taoism influenced individuals to depend on achieving harmony and balance with society rather than nature.

• Taoism influenced individuals to follow the laws of government to achieve harmony and balance with others.