Evolution Review

A change in a trait or characteristic that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce.

• extinction
• natural selection
• adaptation
• choice

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The theory that organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
"Survival of the fittest."

• Natural selection
• Adaptation
• Extinction
• Fossil

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WHY is this variation is best for survival?

• longer claws for fighting
• longer legs for running faster
• bigger ears for better hearing
• fur color that blends in to it's environment

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How will this mice population most likely change in the future?

• The white mice will go extinct.
• The grey mice will go extinct.
• All of the mice will grow longer fur.
• All of the mice will grow longer claws.

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The pictures below show fossils of the pakicetus and aetiocetus, ancestors of the modern gray whale. What do the placement of the nostrils show? (click on the image to make it bigger)

• evidence that they evolved over time from an earlier species adapting physical characteristics to what was best suited for their environment

• evidence that the species lived in different areas of Earth at the same time which required different physical characteristics to suit their environments

• evidence that they did not change over time and the physical characteristics of the species remained the same

• evidence that the species migrated to environments that were best suited for their physical characteristics

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On a farm, Marcia observes that individuals of a certain goat species have slightly different sizes and colors. What characteristic of populations is Marcia observing?

• adaption

• evolution

• selection

• variation

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The longnose butterfly fish has a dark spot near its tail that looks like an eye. Its "eyespot" makes predators think they are attacking the head rather than the tail. Why does the longnose butterfly fish have an evolutionary advantage over other fish?

• It is more effective at finding mates than other fish.

• It is more effective at catching shrimp and worms than other fish.

• It is likely to produce more offspring that survive to maturity.

• It uses less energy to swim than other fish.

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If scientists were to compare the fossil of a fern that lived millions of years ago with other fern fossils that were formed later, what would they most likely find?

• that plants had bones millions of years ago

• that plants change over time

• that ferns stopped evolving 25 million years ago

• that only animals evolve

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Ten brown mice and ten white mice are placed in a desert environment. What will happen to the white population over time?

• It will increase
• It will decrease
• It will stay the same
• There is no way to tell

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Individuals within a population can evolve.

• True
• False

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