World Hisotry Unit 6 Review

The most immediate cause of the Reformation included —

• The Praise of Folly

• Martin Luther’s posting of the Ninety-five Theses

• John Calvin

• The founding of Calvinism

The concept of "Salvation by Grace" came from where?

• Scientific Revolution

• The Enlightenment

• Protestant Reformation

• Roman Authority

The Crusades helped to contribute to the beginning of the European Renaissance by —

• introducing the Europeans to Islamic art

• destroying the libraries of Muslim scholars

• facilitating the revival of trade with the East

• inciting a rebellion against the Catholic Church

How did the Reformation change the political composition of Europe?

• The Pope became the political advisor to many European monarchs.

• Nobles aligned with either Catholic or Protestant traditions and went to war.

• Monarchies were overthrown and Protestant theocracies were created.

• Eastern Europe became vulnerable to the advances of the Ottomans.

How did the invention of the printing press contribute to the Reformation?

• The Bible was printed in vernacular languages leading to greater criticism of the Church.

• Maps could be updated and printed more regularly to improve navigation.

• Universities used printing presses to create huge libraries.

• Printed messages from the Pope encouraging missionaries to travel.

Which action most contributed to the onset of the Scientific Revolution in sixteenth-century

Europe?

• Invention of the new methods of accounting

• Creation of a navigation school by Prince Henry

• Introduction of new products from the Americas

• Publication of new theories related to astronomy

Which scientist applied reason and rationality to devise his laws of motion?

• Robert Boyle

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

• James Watt

Which sixteenth century scientist proposed the heliocentric theory which was later supported by Galileo?

• Robert Boyle

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Isaac Newton

• Eli Whitney

How did the Catholic Church respond to the religious changes brought about by the Reformation?

• It launched a Counter-Reformation.

• It allowed Catholic priests to marry.

• It replaced the Pope with a new leader.

• It issued an English translation of the Bible.

The changing social views that emphasized the growing individualism and secularism emerging during the European Renaissance came to be known as —

• enlightenment

• rebirth

• reformation

• humanism