BIO 09 Genetic Engineering

What is NOT true about the human genome?

• it is a largely made of recombinant DNA
• it consists of about 3 billion base pairs
• a large majority of bases do not code for anything
• there are ~25,000 genes within the human genome

Selective breeding produces:

• desired traits in offspring
• more offspring
• fewer offspring
• mutant offspring

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

To create animals that have the characteristics of two different species, some people have bred buffalo and cattle together to make beefalo. This is an example of

• hybridization
• inbreeding
• genetic engineering
• transformation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

What do a liger, beefalo, zorse, and mule have in common?

• They are all sterile because their parents are different (though closely related) species
• they are all examples of inbreeding
• they are all examples of polyploids
• They are all fertile

Which of these has the disadvantage of possibly bringing together two recessive alleles for a genetic disorder?

• Inbreeding
• Genetic engineering
• Hybridization
• Outbreeding

What is an advantage of inbreeding, for example in purebred dogs?

• produce an offspring that is genetically similar to both parents
• produce an offspring that has the strengths of both species
• Not enough information
• increase mutations in the offspring

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Polyploids are plants with double and triple the amount of normal chromosome numbers. In animals this is lethal, but in plants this can sometimes lead to amplified or “super” traits. Which of the following is an example of this?

• an extremely large strawberry
• a tree that produces both apples and pears
• a coffee plant that resists harmful pests
• all of these are examples of polyploidy “super” traits

Plasmids are:

• small rings of DNA found in bacteria cells
• used in selective breeding
• found in human cells
• large X shaped DNA similar to chromosomes

Why are bacteria the best organisms to use for genetic engineering, especially DNA recombination?

• All of these are true
• they contain small circular pieces of DNA that are easily combined with other DNA
• they readily accept DNA from the outside environment
• they reproduce very quickly

A transgenic organism:

• has DNA from another organism inserted into its genome
• has been treated to purposefully cause its own genes to mutate
• has been cloned from other individuals
• has gone through several generations of inbreeding