[PHARM] Endo 1 Oxytocin & Vasopressin drugs

• Stimulates muscular contractions in the uterus and myoepithelial contractions in the breast

• Involved in the parturition

• Elicits milk ejection in lactating women

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin

Rapidly eliminated by the kidneys and liver, with a circulating half-life of 5 minutes

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin

Measures fetal heart rate response to a standardized oxytocin infusion and provides information about placental circulatory reserve

• Oxytocin Labor Test

• Oxytocin Challenge Test

• Oxytocin Fetal Test

Toxicity

- Fetal distress

- Placental abruption

- Uterine rupture

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin

Toxicity

• Bolus injections can cause hypotension

- To avoid hypotension, administer IV as dilute solutions in controlled rate

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin

• Antagonist of the oxytocin receptor

• Tocolytic (treatment of preterm labor)

- Used to inhibit uncomplicated premature labor between 24 and 33 weeks of gestation

• Atosiban

• Conivaptan

• Tolvaptan

• Treatment of choice for pituitary diabetes insipidus

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin

• Vasopressin and Desmopressin

• Released by the posterior pituitary in response to rising plasma tonicity or falling blood pressure

• Has antidiuretic properties

• Deficiency in hormone results in diabetes insipidus

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin

• Administered IV or IM

• Half-life: 15 minutes

• Renal and hepatic metabolism via reduction of disulfide bond and peptide cleavage

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin

• For the treatment of Diabetes Insipidus and Nocturnal Enuresis

• Oxytocin

• Vasopressin

• Desmopressin