Neurons and Neurotransmitters

What is the main function of a neuron?

• Transmit electrical and chemical signals

• Store oxygen

• Regulate blood pressure

• Produce hormones

The part of the neuron that receives incoming signals is called:

• Axon

• Soma

• Dendrite

• Myelin sheath

The myelin around the axons mainly functions to:

• Prevent apoptosis

• Increase the speed of electrical conduction

• Regulate the release of synaptic vesicles

• Produce neurotransmitters

The space between two neurons where neurotransmission occurs is the:

• Axonal terminal

• Synaptic cleft

• Myelin sheath

• Soma

Which of the following carries information away from the neuron's cell body?

• Dendrite

• Axon

• Nucleus

• Synapse

Which ion is more critical for the release of neurotransmitters?

• Sodium (Na⁺)

• Potassium (K⁺)

• Calcium (Ca²⁺)

• Chloride (Cl⁻)

The principle of 'all or nothing' of action potentials means:

• A weak stimulus creates a smaller action potential

• An action potential always occurs completely or does not occur at all

• Action potentials vary with the type of neurotransmitter

• Dendrites control the action potential

What neurotransmitter is strongly associated with motor control and reward pathways?

• Serotonin

• Dopamine

• GABA

• Acetylcholine

Which neurotransmitter deficiency is most closely linked to Parkinson's disease?

• Serotonin

• Dopamine

• Acetylcholine

• Glutamate

What is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

• Glutamate

• GABA

• Dopamine

• Serotonin