Primates & Human Evolution

Primates include all of the following EXCEPT

• lagomorphs
• humans
• apes
• monkeys
• lemurs

The ancestor of all primates most likely resembled the modern-day organism called a/an

• marsupial
• monotreme
• tree shrew
• echidna
• loris

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All of the following are examples of prosimians EXCEPT

• bonobos
• lorises
• tarsiers
• pottos
• aye-ayes

Primates have approximately 1000 genes associated with the nose, but only about 347 are still functional in humans. The rest are

• associated with the mouth
• polyploid
• recessive
• dominant
• pseudogenes

Old World (OW) monkeys can be distinguished from New World monkeys because OW monkeys

• (a) have flat faces and prehensile tails
• (b) have long snouts and non-prehensile tails
• (c)are native to Central and South America
• Both A and C
• Both B and C

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The Great Apes includes

• (a) gibbons
• (b) old world monkeys
• (c) orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans
• Both B and C
• Both A and C

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Based on molecular data, which pair of organisms are the most closely related?

• chimpanzees and humans
• chimpanzees and gorillas
• gorillas and humans
• orangutans and humans
• gorillas and orangutans

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Humans have 46 chromosomes, but chimpanzees and gorillas each have 48. Based on genetic evidence, the best explanation for this is that

• chimpanzees and gorillas are more closely related to each other than to humans
• humans completely lost one pair of chromosomes
• humans also have sex chromosomes
• in humans, the missing chromosomes can be found in mitochondria
• in the unique ancestor of humans, two chromosomes fused into one

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Among other things, scientists can determine whether a fossil human ancestor was bipedal by looking at the position of the ________________ in the skull.

• zygomatic arch
• foramen magnum
• eye sockets
• teeth
• crossbones

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Hominins (humans and their direct ancestors, including Australopithecines) first appeared around

• 65 million years ago (mya)

• 36 mya

• 4-6 mya

• 1 mya

• 10000 years ago

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