Endocrine System Review

What are glands?

• Organs that make and excrete waste

• Organs that make and release secretions

• Organs that make and release white blood cells

• Organs that make and excrete carbon dioxide

Which two body systems work together to regulate all other systems and maintain homeostasis?

• Excretory and endocrine

• Nervous and digestive

• Nervous and endocrine

• Endocrine and immune

Hormones travel through the blood and encounter many cells. How do they affect ONLY target cells?

• Target cells have receptors that match up with the hormone

• Target cells send out signals that attach to hormones and draw them to the cell

• Target cells have cell membranes with a different composition

• Magic!

Steroid hormones...

• Are lipid-like

• Can pass through cell membranes

• Use the one-messenger system

• All of the above

Protein hormones...

• Are amino acid chains

• Cannot pass through cell membranes

• Use the two-messenger system

• All of the above

What does your body do with excess hormones?

• Stores them in the liver

• Excretes them in urine

• Sends them to the brain

• Excretes them through the lungs

Negative feedback balances out hormones and helps maintain homeostasis by...

• Turning on processes that are on

• Increasing substances that are low

• Increasing substances that are high

• Turning off processes that are off

In the one-messenger system, what substance enters the cell and causes the response?

• Gland cells

• DNA

• Second messenger

• Hormone

What gland produces insulin and glucagon?

• Pancreas

• Liver

• Kidney

• Pituitary

What is the function of adrenaline?

• Increases metabolism

• Removes water from the blood

• Reduces blood sugar

• The "flight or fight" hormone