Test 2 Sociology

The theory suggesting that people who commit deviant acts have weak ties to the community is

• labeling theory

• differential-association theory

• control theory.

• cultural-transmission theory.

Forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault are examples of

• organized crime.

• violent crime.

• white-collar crime.

• victimless crime.

Which of the following is a function served by corrections?

• rebellion

• retribution

• recidivism

• retreatism

Police officers are more likely to make an arrest when

• the person making the report is polite to the officer.

  
  

• the injured parties are from the lower social classes.

• a serious crime has been committed.

• a minor offense has been committed.

The occasional violation of norms is known as

• innovation.

  
  

• secondary deviance.

• techniques of neutralization.

• primary deviance.

The mode of adaptation used by beggars and hermits is

• retreatism.

  
  

• rebellion.

• ritualism.

• innovation.

A theory that examines social and economic factors as the causes of criminal deviance

• conflict theory

• control theory

• cultural deviance theory

• labeling theory

A theory that states individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them

who provide models of and opportunities for deviance

• conflict theory

• control theory

• labeling theory

• differential association theory

Sanctions that are officially recognized and enforced

• deviance

• criminal justice

• formal sanctions

• informal sanctions

The system tasked with supervising individuals who have been arrested for, convicted of, or sentenced for criminal offenses

• corrections system

• criminal justice system

• court

• sanctions