Unit 5 Civil Rights EOC Review

The following headline supports which conclusion?

President Eisenhower Sends Troops to Little Rock - Cleveland Plain Dealer

• The framers of the Constitution sought to compromise on certain issues.

• States with large minority populations are helped by Congressional acts.

• The President often uses power to reduce the importance of the courts.

• The executive branch has at times acted to protect the rights of minorities.

"We conclude that in the field of public education , the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal"

The above quotation illustrates the Supreme Court's power to

• uphold previous decisions

• overrule discriminatory state laws

• check the powers of the executive branch

• provide for educational funding for minorities

The Civil Rights Act of 1964, the use of troops to integrate Little Rock High school and the decisions in Brown v. Board of Education are all examples of . . .

• federal interventions to protect minority rights

• the amendment process to protect women's rights

• Presidential authority in issuing executive orders

• limitations on the use of federal power

When the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education, its decision in the case was based on its interpretation of the . . .

• due process clause of the Fifth Amendment

• state's rights provision of the Tenth Amendment

• equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

• voting rights provisions of the Fifteenth Amendment

In its decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed a previous ruling by the court establishing

• a test for clear and present danger

• the doctrine of separate but equal facilities

• fair and open housing for minorities

• the principle of federalism

What does the expression "due process of law" refer to?

• the right of the U.S. Supreme Court to declare laws to be unconstitutional

• the power of the police to arrest individuals they deem to be suspicious

• protections provided to citizens against unfair governmental actions

• bills which have been passed by Congress and signed by the President

"Whenever normal agencies prove inadequate to the task and it becomes necessary for the Executive Branch of the Federal Government to use its powers and authority to uphold Federal Courts, the President's responsibility is inescapable. In accordance with that responsibility, I have today issued an Executive Order directing the use of troops under Federal authority to aid in the execution of Federal law at Little Rock Arkansas." - President Dwight D. Eisenhower

The situation described in this statement by President Eisenhower grew out of efforts to

• uphold the Voting Rights Act

• pass a constitutional amendment ending poll taxes

• enforce the decision in Brown v. Board

• expand gender equality in public school sports programs

1948 - President Truman issues executive order desegregating armed forces

1954 - Supreme Court rules separate schools unconstitutional

1957 - Eisenhower sends troops to Little Rock

1968 - U.S. Supreme Court upholds affirmative action

Which conclusion is most clearly supported by the information in the timeline?

• Only the executive branch of the federal government has supported protection of minority group rights.

• Most Americans are opposed to having the federal government involved in protecting minority rights.

• The executive and judicial branches of the federal government have had an active role in protecting the rights of minorities.

• Most legislation in the 1950s and 1960s was aimed only at protecting the rights of minority groups.

Who is responsible for issuing an executive order?

• Speaker of the House

• President of the Senate

• President

• Supreme Court

The Supreme Court's ability to overturn actions of the other branches is based on what concept?

• precedent

• stare decis

• judicial review

• judicial restraint